Endemism is an ecological term that denotes the species of any plant and animals that are restricted to a particular region in a specific habitat and is not found anywhere else. Such species are known as endemic species. They are found mostly in geographically isolated areas such as an island or lake.

Write a note on the following: Joint forest management.

The Government of India within the 1980s has introduced the concept of Joint Forest Management (JFM) so on work closely with the local communities for shielding and managing forests. In return for his or her services to the forest, the communities get the advantage of various forest products (minor forest products), and thus the forest is often conserved during a sustainable manner. The joint forest management committee has been set up in collaboration with local committees and the government for protecting the forest. It majorly involves : The state forest department and NGOs work together to implement JFM. The sustainable grant must be given for raising the nursery and protecting plants. Grazing in such regions should be prohibited. Ownership should not be given to beneficiary, and Fruit trees must be planted.

Invasion of alien animal species eliminates the native animal species Give two examples.

This has been observed that invasion or introduction of alien animal species eliminate the native animal species. The two examples of this phenomenon are given below: The Nile perch was introduced into Lake Victoria in East Africa. This phenomenon results into the extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 species of cichlid fish in the lake. Illegal introduction of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus for aquaculture purposes is posing a threat to the indigenous cat fishes in the rivers.

Define Endemism. Name any two regions of accelerated habitat loss in India.

Endemism is an ecological term that denotes the species of any plant and animals that are restricted to a particular region in a specific habitat and is not found anywhere else. Such species are known as endemic species. They are found mostly in geographically isolated areas such as an island or lake. The two regions of India where accelerated habitat loss are observed are Western Ghats and Eastern Himalayas.

Endemism is an ecological term that denotes the species of any plant and animals that are restricted to a particular region in a specific habitat and is not found anywhere else. Such species are known as endemic species. They are found mostly in geographically isolated areas such as an island or lake.