Annie Termaat and Christopher Talbot Solutions for Chapter: How Do Atoms Bond?, Exercise 12: SOME SUMMATIVE PROBLEMS TO TRY

Potassium $\left(\mathrm{K}\right)$, silicon dioxide $\left({\mathrm{SiO}}_2\right)$, sulphur $\left(\mathrm{S}\right)$, lead ($\mathrm{II}$) iodide $\left({\mathrm{PbI}}_2\right)$, sucrose $\left({\mathrm{C}}_{12}{\mathrm{H}}_{22}{\mathrm{O}}_{11}\right)$, graphite $\left(\mathrm{C}\right)$, methane $\left({\mathrm{CH}}_4\right)$, iron $\left(\mathrm{Fe}\right)$, lead $\left(\mathrm{Pb}\right)$, gold $\left(\mathrm{Au}\right)$.  

From the list above, suggest which would be most suitable for making a small, treasured decorative ornament.

Potassium $\left(\mathrm{K}\right)$, silicon dioxide $\left({\mathrm{SiO}}_2\right)$, sulphur $\left(\mathrm{S}\right)$, lead $\left(\mathrm{II}\right)$ iodide $\left({\mathrm{PbI}}_2\right)$, sucrose $\left({\mathrm{C}}_{12}{\mathrm{H}}_{22}{\mathrm{O}}_{11}\right)$, graphite $\left(\mathrm{C}\right)$, methane $\left({\mathrm{CH}}_4\right)$, iron $\left(\mathrm{Fe}\right)$, lead $\left(\mathrm{Pb}\right)$, gold $\left(\mathrm{Au}\right)$.  

From the list above, suggest which would be the most suitable for use in thin sheets, to clad roofs to prevent water penetration.

Hydrated cobalt($\mathrm{II}$) chloride $\left({\mathrm{CoCl}}_2.6{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\right)$ is pink but anhydrous cobalt($\mathrm{II}$) chloride $\left({\mathrm{CoCl}}_2\right)$ is blue. Suggest how this compound might be used to determine the probability of rain. 

Analyse the information in the following table and make scientifically supported judgments about the nature of the bonds between atoms in the first three molecules, compared to the nature of the bonds between atoms in the second group of three molecules.

 (Note: The relative molecular mass is calculated by adding the relative atomic mass (RAM) of all the atoms together. The table shows two groups of three molecules with similar molecular mass, and their boiling and melting points)

Explain how the physical and chemical properties of substances are consequences of the following type of bond: 

Metallic bond. 

Explain how the physical and chemical properties of substances are consequences of the following type of bond: 

Ionic bond.

Explain how the physical and chemical properties of substances are consequences of the following type of bond: 

London (dispersion) forces and intermolecular forces. 

Explain how the physical and chemical properties of substances are consequences of the following type of bond: 

Hydrogen bonding and intermolecular forces.