Lawrie Ryan and Roger Norris Solutions for Chapter: Periodicity, Exercise 7: Question

The Group 1 metal lithium reacts in a similar way to sodium. It reacts with oxygen, producing lithium oxide. Write the balanced symbol equation, including state symbols, for this reaction. 

Lithium also reacts with chlorine. Write the balanced symbol equation, including state symbols, for this reaction. 

The Group 2 metal calcium reacts more vigorously with cold water than magnesium does, forming an alkaline solution. Write the balanced symbol equation, including state symbols, for this reaction. 

The solution formed when $0.01 \mathrm{mol}$ of calcium react completely with $1 {\mathrm{dm}}^3$ of water is more alkaline than the solution formed when $0.01 \mathrm{mol}$ of magnesium react completely with $1 {\mathrm{dm}}^3$ of water. Explain why?