Name: Preparation of Alcohols
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 43 s
Description: Alcohol is a psychosomatic drug and it is bad for health if consumed. However, it is a useful organic solvent in chemistry labs. Tune in to learn more about...

Question

Take $150 mL$ water in a beaker and warm it to $60^{\circ} C$ .
Take two test tubes and label them $A$ and $B$ respectively.
Take $5 mL$ ethanol in test tube $A$ .
Take $5 mL$ glacial acetic acid in test tube $B$ and add $4$ to $5$ drops concentrated sulphuric acid to it.
Now add the solution in the test tube $A$ to the solution in test tube $B$ .
Now place the test tube in the warm water so that the reaction mixture also becomes warm. Keep shaking the test tube from time to time.
Pour the reaction mixture in a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate in water. Doing this will cause the unreactive ethanoic acid to react with ${NaHCO}_{3}$ . Did you see any bubbles?
Observe the reaction mixture and note if there is any distinct smell (sweet and fruity). The smell could be due to which substance?

Accepted Answer

The unreactive ethanoic acid on reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate forms salt with the evolution of carbon dioxide gas in the form of bubbles.

$\underset{\underset{(Acetic acid)}{Ethanoic acid}}{{CH}_{3} COOH} + \underset{Sodium hydrogen carbonate}{{NaHCO}_{3}} \to \underset{Sodium acetate}{{CH}_{3} COONa} + \underset{Water}{H_{2} O +} \underset{Carbon dioxide}{{CO}_{2} ↑}$

When ethanoic acid (acetic acid) is heated with ethanol (ethyl alcohol) in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, ester (ethyl ethanoate) is formed. This reaction is called esterification. Ester formed gives characteristic sweet and fruity smell.

$\underset{Ethanoic acid}{{CH}_{3} COOH} + \underset{Ethanol}{C_{2} H_{5} OH} \overset{Conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}}{\to} \underset{\underset{(Ester)}{Ethyl ethanoate}}{{CH}_{3} {COOCH}_{2} {CH}_{3}} + \underset{Water}{H_{2} O}$

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