Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur Solutions for Chapter: How Do Organisms Reproduce, Exercise 5: Questions Based on High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

When a moist slice of bread was kept aside for a few days then some organism grew on it to form a white cottony mass which later turned black. When this slice of bread was observed through a magnifying glass, then fine thread-like projections and thin stems having bulb-like structures at the top were seen.

What are the common name and scientific name of the organism which grew on the moist slice of bread?

When the branches of a plant growing in the field are pulled towards the ground and a part of them is covered with moist soil (leaving the tips of the branches exposed above the ground), then after some time new roots develop from the parts of branches buried in the soil. On cutting these branches from the parent plant, new plants are produced from the cut parts of branches which had developed roots.

What type of branches should a plant have to be able to be propagated by this method ?

When the branches of a plant growing in the field are pulled towards the ground and a part of them is covered with moist soil (leaving the tips of the branches exposed above the ground), then after some time new roots develop from the parts of branches buried in the soil. On cutting these branches from the parent plant, new plants are produced from the cut parts of branches which had developed roots.

Name one plant which gets propagated by this method naturally by forming runners (soft horizontal stems running above the ground).

A thickened underground stem X of a plant which is swollen with stored food has a number of points Y on its surface. When the old stem X is planted in the soil of a field in the next growing season, then each point Y present on its surface grows into a new plant.

What is the name of this method of reproduction of plants?

When a broken piece of the stem of a plant X is planted in the soil, a new plant grows from it in a week's time. The leaves of plant X also have many small entities Y in their margins which can fall to the ground alone or along with leaves and grow into new plants.

What are the entities Y present on the leaves of X known as?

When a broken piece of the stem of a plant X is planted in the soil, a new plant grows from it in a week's time. The leaves of plant X also have many small entities Y in their margins which can fall to the ground alone or along with leaves and grow into new plants.

Name a plant other than X which can reproduce from its leaves and belongs to Cucurbitales order.

When a broken piece of the stem of a plant X is planted in the soil, a new plant grows from it in a week's time. The leaves of plant X also have many small entities Y in their margins which can fall to the ground alone or along with leaves and grow into new plants.

Name a common plant grown in many homes which can be propagated from its broken stems like plant X.

When a broken piece of the stem of a plant X is planted in the soil, a new plant grows from it in a week's time. The leaves of plant X also have many small entities Y in their margins which can fall to the ground alone or along with leaves and grow into new plants.

Name a kind of dormant organs present in dry stems of old grass plants lying in the fields which get activated and produce green grass plants after the rains.