William Heathcote Solutions for Chapter: Movement, Exercise 10: Summative assessment

In snail racing, snails start at the centre of a circle and the first snail to reach outside the circle wins. Usually, the ground is made wet so that the snails will want to move across it. Some snail racers think that a sugary solution or diluted beer makes the snails travel faster. A student decides to design an experiment to test these ideas. Explain what kind of graph the student should use to present the data.

A horse rider wants to find out how fast his horse can gallop. He sets out wooden posts every $20 \mathrm{m}$ and gallops the horse past the posts. When he passes a post, a friend uses a stopwatch to measure the time taken. The table of this data is shown below.

Plot a graph of the data. Using your graph, determine the maximum speed of the horse from this graph.

A horse rider wants to find out how fast his horse can gallop. He sets out wooden posts every $20 \mathrm{m}$ and gallops the horse past the posts. When he passes a post, a friend uses a stopwatch to measure the time taken. The table of this data is shown below.

Comment on the reliability of this data.

A horse rider wants to find out how fast his horse can gallop. He sets out wooden posts every $20 \mathrm{m}$ and gallops the horse past the posts. When he passes a post, a friend uses a stopwatch to measure the time taken. The table of this data is shown below.

Suggest two improvements that the rider could make to this experiment in order to obtain a more reliable answer.

Discuss why non-invasive techniques are preferable when studying animal behaviour. 

Scientists think that some animals are able to help themselves navigate by detecting Earth's magnetic field. However, they are not certain about how animals are able to detect magnetic fields. In 2008, some Czech scientists analysed images from Google Earth and found that cows and deer seemed to prefer to align themselves with the Earth's magnetic field.

Imagine that you are one of the scientists involved in this research. Write a report suggesting why you should be given more funding to continue this research. Explain the potential benefits of understanding why cows and deer prefer to align themselves to the Earth's magnetic field.

It is believed that some animals use magnetic fields to navigate while migrating. Suggest one other way that animals might navigate, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of this with sensing the Earth's magnetic field.

It is clear that migrating must take a lot of energy, so animals would not do this if they did not have to do it. Give three motivations for animal migration.