Functional Group in Carbon Compounds

Suggest a test to find the hardness of water and explain the procedure.

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound. If more than one compound is possible name all of them.

An alcohol derived from pentane.

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound. If more than one compound is possible name all of them.

A chloride derived from propane.

Two carbon compounds A and B have molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_8$ and ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_6$ respectively. Which one of the two is most likely to show addition? Justify your answer.

What happens when small a piece of sodium is dropped into ethanol?

Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds.

Explain the cleansing action of soap.

Describe with chemical equation how ethanoic acid may be obtained from ethanol?

Explain how sodium ethoxide is obtained from ethanol? Give chemical equation?

Give the names of functional groups (i) $-\mathrm{CHO}$  (ii) $-\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}$

Write the chemical equation representing the reaction of preparation of ethanol from ethane.

Give an example of esterification reaction?

Name the simplest ketone and write its molecular formula.

Give the IUPAC name of the following compound. If more than one compound is possible name all of them.

An aldehyde derived from ethane.

Name the product other than water formed on burning of ethanol in air.

An organic compound with molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_4{\mathrm{O}}_2$ produces brisk effervescence on addition of sodium carbonate/ bicarbonate. Answer the following: 
a. Identify the organic compound. 
b. Write the chemical equation for the above reaction
c. Name the gas evolved. 
d. How will you test the gas evolved?
 e. List two important uses of the above compound. 
 

An organic compound '$\mathrm{X}$' with a molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_6\mathrm{O}$ undergoes oxidation with alkaline ${\mathrm{KMnO}}_4$ and forms the compound '$\mathrm{Y}$', that has molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_4{\mathrm{O}}_2$. 
a. Identify '$\mathrm{X}$' and '$\mathrm{Y}$'.
b. Write your observation regarding the product when the compound '$\mathrm{X}$' is made to react with compound '$\mathrm{Y}$' which is used as a preservative for pickles.

a. What are the various possible structural formulae of a compound having molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_6\mathrm{O}$? 
b. Give the IUPAC names of the above possible compounds and represent them in structures. 
c. What is the similarity in these compounds? 
 

$1 \mathrm{ml}$ glacial acetic acid and $1 \mathrm{ml}$ of ethanol are mixed together in a test tube. Few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is added in the mixture are warmed in a water bath for 5 min. 
Answer the following: 
a. Name the resultant compound formed. 
b. Represent the above change by a chemical equation. 
c. What term is given to such a reactions?
d. What are the special characteristics of the compound formed?
 

How do you condemn the use of alcohol as a social practice?