In the above conversion of compound ($\mathrm{X}$) to product ($\mathrm{Y}$), the sequence of reagents to be used will be:

How many of the transformation given below would result in aromatic amines?

In the following reaction, ‘$\mathrm{A}$’ is

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): $\alpha$-halocarboxylic acid on reaction with dil. ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ gives good yield of $\alpha$-amino carboxylic acid whereas the yield of amines is very low when prepared from alkyl halides.

Reason (R): Amino acids exist in zwitter ion form in aqueous medium.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :