Write a short note which explains the mode of transmission and precautions of rat fever to include in a pamphlet preparing for an awareness programme.

The mode of transmission of rat fever that can be included in a pamphlet is given below: Rat fever affects both humans and other animals The infection is generally transmitted to humans by water that has been contaminated by animal urine, which comes in contact with unhealed breaks in the skin, the eyes, or with the mucous membranes Leptospira interrogans spread under conditions of stagnant water, floodwater, humidity, and proximity between man and beast. The precautions of rat fever that can be included in a pamphlet are given below: Keep the surroundings clean and avoid dumping decaying substances Eliminate the rats Wear long gloves and gumboot while working in fields and streams and while stepping into stagnant water, prevent the multiplication of rat Diagnose and start the treatment early for best results Preventive vaccination is also the most effective method to fight this disease.

Analyse the following statement and answer the questions : "Though haemophilia is not completely curable, temporary relief can bring in" Why complete cure is not possible?

Haemophilia can be characterised as a sex-linked recessive disorder. In this disorder, the blood does not coagulate normally in the body of an individual. Haemophilia is controlled by sex chromosomes. A mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene is responsible for this disease in the body of a human. As it is a genetic disorder it cannot be cured completely.

Analyse the following statement and answer the questions : "Though haemophilia is not completely curable, temporary relief can bring in" How temporary relief can bring in?

Haemophilia can be characterised as a sex-linked recessive disorder. In this disorder, the blood does not coagulate normally in the body of an individual. Haemophilia is controlled by sex chromosomes. A mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene is responsible for this disease in the body of a human. Temporary relief for haemophilia can be provided through the replacement of the deficient protein by injecting it into the body of a human.

Analyse the following statements related to certain diseases and give the reasons for each. In diphtheria, an ash-coloured thick coating forms in the throat.

Diphtheria can be characterised as a severe bacterial infection that affects the mucous membranes of the throat and nose producing toxins. These toxins destroy the cells of the mucus membrane. These cells that are destroyed by the toxins produce an ash-coloured thick coating in the throat. irritates the mucous membranes by framing a base layer in the throat, which makes an issue while gulping food and also during breathing.

Analyse the following statements related to certain diseases and give the reasons for each. In hepatitis, dark yellow colour appears in the white portion of the eyes and the nails.

Hepatitis can be characterised as the condition in which there is an infection of the liver cells by the hepatitis virus. The liver cell gets swollen and inflamed in this condition. When the flow of bile secreted by the liver is blocked, it gives rise to an increase in the level of the bile pigment, called bilirubin in the blood. This leads to the appearance of the dark yellow colour of the mucus membrane, nails, and white portion of the eyes.

In plants, which is the chemical substance that prevents the germs, that have crossed the cell wall from entering the cell membrane?

Callose plays an essential role in the protection of plants. Callose can be characterised as a type of cell wall material that blocks the conducting vessels of the vascular bundle of plants in response to mechanical damage. This substance deposits at the site of injury to prevent water loss. In plants, callose prevents the germs, that have crossed the cell wall from entering the cell membrane.

"Smoking harmfully affects internal organs" This is a general statement Explain how smoking affects brain, heart and lungs.

Smoking is very harmful to the body of a human. It damages the internal organs. It affects the various organs of the body. The effect of smoking in different parts of the body is given below: Brain: Smoking causes an addiction to this process. It can also cause brain stroke. Heart: Smoking causes hypertension, loss of elasticity of arteries, decrease in functional efficiency of the cardiac muscle, and other problems of the heart. Lungs: Smoking is responsible for lung disease by damaging the airways and the small alveoli. It can cause lung cancer bronchitis, emphysema, and other respiratory diseases.

Write the name of pathogens and symptoms of the given diseases : A. Malaria B. Tuberculosis Pathogens : Symptoms :

Malaria can be characterised as a protozoan disease. Malaria is caused by the female anopheles mosquito which carries the plasmodium protozoa responsible for the disease. The symptoms of this disease are a sensation of cold with shivering, fever, headaches, and vomiting and seizures can be observed in younger people with the disease. Tuberculosis can be characterised as a bacterial disease caused by a microorganism called Mycobacterium tuberculin . These bacteria are non-motile, intercellular parasites and belong to the subgroup Actinomycetes. The symptoms of this disease are persistent cough for 3-4 weeks, continuous fever, chest pain, blood in the cough of the patient, weight loss, loss of appetite, increase of hoarseness in voice, and fatigue.

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 1

MEDIUM

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

"Mucus and Cilia in the respiratory tract provide first level defense."
Write an example for second level defense?

Important Questions on Keeping Diseases Away

EASY

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 2

List out four concepts that can be included in the pamphlet to be distributed in an awareness programme against dengue fever.

EASY

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 3

Select the statements related to the disease Haemophilia from the following

Structure of haemoglobin chänges.
The synthesis of proteins that help in the clotting of blood fails,
Oxygen Carrying Capacity of haemoglobin decreases,
Excess bleeding, even through minor wounds

EASY

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 4

Structure of haemoglobin chänges.
The synthesis of proteins that help in the clotting of blood fails,
Oxygen Carrying Capacity of haemoglobin decreases,
Excess bleeding, even through minor wounds

Name the disease to which other statements are related.

EASY

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 5

How do the following substance protect the plants from diseases ?

Lignin

EASY

10th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Keeping Diseases Away>Kerala Board-2018>Q 6

How do the following substance protect the plants from diseases ?