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Addition, deletion or substitution of a single base pair in a gene results in mutation. Such kind of mutations are known as

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Important Questions on Principles of Inheritance and Variation

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The mechanism that causes a gene to move from one linkage group to another is called:
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Virulent forms of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen, some strains of which cause “flesh-eating disease”. Earlier the antibiotic Penicillin was used to control this pathogen. After some years Penicillin was ineffective. Hence, a powerful antibiotic-Methicillin was used in treatments. Subsequently, Methicillin also became ineffective and the strains showed resistance to multiple antibiotics also called “multi-drug resistance”. Which one of the following statements regarding the development of multi-drug resistance is correct?
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Point mutation is caused in which of the following diseases?
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A spontaneous mutation results in a couple having only female progeny. When the daughter marries and has children, none of them are males. However, in the third generation, there are few male offspring. What is the most likely explanation of this observation?
HARD

Match the following lists:

  List I   List II
A) Change in single base pair of DNA I) Recombination
B) Deletions of base pairs of DNA II) Genetic map
C) Generation of non-parental gene combination III) Point mutations
D) The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome IV) Frame-shift mutations

The correct match is

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Explain the type of gene mutation in the DNA sequence given below.

ATGCATGC  ATGAATGC

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Select the incorrect statement on Mutations ? 
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The mutation of a purine to a pyrimidine is known as
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The movement of a gene from one linkage group to another is called:
HARD
The type of chromosomal aberration indicated in the diagram shows


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Chromosomal aberrations are commonly observed in_____.

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In which of the following chromosomal aberrations, is there a change in gene number?
HARD

Read the following statements and state true (T) and false (F):

A. Deletions and insertions of base pairs of DNA cause frame shift mutations.

B. Classical example of point mutation is sickle cell anaemia.

C. Mendelian disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in a single gene.

D. Haemophilia, colour blindness, and cystic fibrosis are sex-linked recessive disorders.

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When one or more genes are missing from middle part of chromosome, it is called
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Read the following statements:

A. The phenomenon which results in alteration of DNA sequence and consequently results in changes in genotype and the phenotype of an organism.

B. In addition to recombination, it is another phenomenon that leads to variation in DNA.

The phenomenon explained above is

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Mark the correct statements:
I. There are many chemical and physical factors that induce mutations.
II. The pedigree study provides a strong tool, which is utilized to trace the inheritance of a specific trait, abnormality or disease.
III. The pattern of inheritance of chromosomal disorders can be traced in a family by the pedigree analysis.

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Using imprints from a plate with complete medium and carrying bacterial colonies, you can select streptomycin resistant mutants and prove that such mutations do not originate as adaptation. These imprints need to be used