Match the column: Column A Column B (i) Biotic components (a) Metals (ii) Garden (b) Abiotic components (iii) Non-biodegradable substances (c) Carnivore (iv) Decomposers (d) Snake (v) Primary consumers (e) Plant and animals (vi) Tiger (f) Accumulation of chemical at successive trophic level (vii) Tertiary consumer (g) Skin cancer (viii) Biomagnification (h) Ozone-layer depletion (ix) Exposure to UV-rays (i) Natural aquatic ecosystem (x) Chlorofluorocarbon (j) Artificial ecosystem (xi) Physical environment (k) Grasshopper (xii) Lake (l) Bacteria and fungi

(i)-(e) Biotic components include plants and animals. They are further classified into producers, consumers, and decomposers based on the mode of their nutrition. (ii)-(j) Garden is an example of an artificial ecosystem. Artificial ecosystems are man-made. (iii)-(a) An example of a non-biodegradable substance includes metal. Non-biodegradable substances are mostly toxic and harmful to the environment. (iv)-(l) Decomposers are micro-organisms, which decompose and break down the complex organic substances into simpler substances. Example: bacteria, fungi. (v)-(k) Herbivores are organisms that feed directly on plants (producers) only. They are first-order consumers or primary consumers. Example: Grasshopper. (vi)-(c) Carnivores eat only the flesh of other animals. Tigers, snakes, and hawks are carnivores. (vii)-(d) Snake is an example of tertiary consumers. They are carnivorous animals that prey on secondary consumers. (viii)-(f) The process by which harmful and toxic substances (such as pesticides, insecticides, and DDT) enter the food chain and get concentrated in the body of living organisms at each successive trophic level, is called biological magnification. (ix)-(g) Exposure to UV-rays is one of the main reasons for skin cancer. Ozone layer depletion is a reason for exposure to UV-rays. (x)-(h) Chlorofluorocarbons are the main reason for the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. (xi)-(b) The physical environment consists of abiotic factors. Abiotic factors include air, water, sunlight , etc. (xii)-(i) Lake is an example of a natural ecosystem. Beside lake Tundra, taiga (northern coniferous forests), tropical rain forests, tropical deciduous forests, tropical grassland, desert , etc. are examples of natural ecosystems. Column A Column B (i) Biotic components (e) Plants and animals (ii) Garden (j) Artificial ecosystem (iii) Non-biodegradable substances (a) Metals (iv) Decomposer (l) Bacteria, fungi (v) Primary consumer (k) Grasshopper (vi) Tiger (c) Carnivore (vii) Tertiary consumer (d) Snake (viii) Biomagnification (f) Accumulation of chemical at successive trophic level (ix) Exposure to UV-rays (g) Skin cancer (x) Chlorofluorocarbons (h) Ozone layer depletion (xi) Physical environment (b) Abiotic components (xii) Lake (i) Natural ecosystem

E M B I B E

Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 11

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10th CBSE

IMPORTANT

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Aquarium cannot be treated as an ecosystem.

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Important Questions on Question Bank

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 12

All green plants and blue-green algae are producers.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 13

Sewage may be used to produce biogas.

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10th CBSE

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 1

Match the column:

Column A	Column B
(i) Biotic components	(a) Metals
(ii) Garden	(b) Abiotic components
(iii) Non-biodegradable substances	(c) Carnivore
(iv) Decomposers	(d) Snake
(v) Primary consumers	(e) Plant and animals
(vi) Tiger	(f) Accumulation of chemical at successive trophic level
(vii) Tertiary consumer	(g) Skin cancer
(viii) Biomagnification	(h) Ozone-layer depletion
(ix) Exposure to UV-rays	(i) Natural aquatic ecosystem
(x) Chlorofluorocarbon	(j) Artificial ecosystem
(xi) Physical environment	(k) Grasshopper
(xii) Lake	(l) Bacteria and fungi

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