Match the columns: A B (i) Glycolysis (a) Fermentation (ii) Human muscles (b) 3-carbon compound (iii) Mitochondria (c) Gills (iv) Yeast (d) Epiglottis (v) Pyruvate (e) Cytoplasm (vi) Fish (f) Lactic acid (vii) Larynx (g) Lungs (viii) Trachea (h) Balloon-like structures (ix) Mammals (i) Cartilage rings (x) Alveoli (j) ATP synthesis

(i)-(e) Glycolysis is the first phase of cellular respiration which involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. This pathway occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. (ii)-(f) Lactic acid gets accumulated in human muscle cells during intense exercise or physical activity. This condition takes place when the oxygen levels drop and the cells undergo anaerobic respiration. (iii)-(j) The mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell since most of the energy production occurs here. The inner mitochondrial membrane is the site for ATP (adenosine triphosphate) synthesis in the cell. (iv)-(a) Yeasts are unicellular fungi that are involved in the process of fermentation. In this process, sugar is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen. (v)-(b) Pyruvate is a 3-carbon compound. It is the end product of glycolysis. In this process, 6-carbon glucose molecule is converted into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules. (vi)-(c) Gills are the respiratory organs in fishes. Gills are branched, feather-like structures present on either side of the head. These are richly supplied with capillaries and facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the surrounding water. (vii) -(d) Larynx is a hollow tubular structure, also called the voice box. It is a part of the respiratory tract that leads to the trachea. Epiglottis is a flap-like structure present over the opening of the larynx that prevents the entry of food and allows air to pass through the larynx. (viii) -(i) Trachea is a cartilaginous tubular structure, also called the windpipe. The walls of the trachea are supported by 16-20 cartilage rings that prevent it from collapsing. The trachea divides into two air tubes called the bronchi. (ix)-(g) Lungs are the major respiratory organs in mammals. These are a pair of air-filled, spongy structures located in the chest cavity. The actual gaseous exchange occurs in the tiny air sacs called alveoli that are present inside the lungs. (x)-(h) Alveoli are tiny, balloon-like structures that are filled with air. Each alveolus is wrapped with a web of blood capillaries. There are millions of alveoli inside the lungs, and these are the site of gaseous exchange. A B (i) Glycolysis (e) Cytoplasm (ii) Human muscles (f) Lactic acid (iii) Mitochondria (j) ATP synthesis (iv) Yeast (a) Fermentation (v) Pyruvate (b) 3-carbon compound (vi) Fish (c) Gills (vii) Larynx (d) Epiglottis (viii) Trachea (i) Cartilage rings (ix) Mammals (g) Lungs (x) Alveoli (h) Balloon-like structures

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 3

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As compared to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration produces more energy.

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Important Questions on Question Bank

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 4

ATP is formed in the cytoplasm.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 5

The build-up of ethanol in our muscles causes cramps.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 6

The energy released during cellular respiration is not used immediately to synthesise ATP.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 7

Rings of cartilage are present in the throat.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 8

The lungs always contain residual volume of air.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 9

Carbon monoxide binds more strongly to haemoglobin than oxygen.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Q 10

All alveoli are not covered by web of blood capillaries.

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Foundation Science Biology>Chapter 10 - Question Bank>Question Bank>Respiration

Match the columns:

A	B
(i) Glycolysis	(a) Fermentation
(ii) Human muscles	(b) 3-carbon compound
(iii) Mitochondria	(c) Gills
(iv) Yeast	(d) Epiglottis
(v) Pyruvate	(e) Cytoplasm
(vi) Fish	(f) Lactic acid
(vii) Larynx	(g) Lungs
(viii) Trachea	(h) Balloon-like structures
(ix) Mammals	(i) Cartilage rings
(x) Alveoli	(j) ATP synthesis

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