Match the articles given in columns A and B (single matching): Column A Column B (a) Planaria (i) Molecular Biology (b) DNA (ii) 1953 (c) Miller and Urey (iii) Natural selection (d) Darwin (iv) Rudimentary eyes

a - i v Rudimentary eyes of Planaria is transmitted to the next generation as it is a genetic trait. Rudimentary eyes are non-functional. A flatworm named Planaria has very simple ‘eyes’ that are really just eye-spots which detect light. The eyeball may be absent in them, complex iris, rudimentar y cornea and ot her underdeveloped features. b - i Molecular Biology is the field of biology that studies the composition, structure and interactions of cellular molecules – such as nucleic acids and proteins – that carry out the biological processes essential for the cell's functions and maintenance. c - i i In 1953 , Stanley Miller reported the production of biomolecules from simple gaseous starting materials, using an apparatus constructed to simulate the primordial Earth's atmosphere-ocean system. d - i i i Natural selection is the process through which species adapt to their environments. It is the engine that drives evolution. English naturalist Charles Darwin developed the idea of natural selection after a five-year voyage to study plants, animals, and fossils in South America and on islands in the Pacific. Column A Column B (a) Planaria (iv) Rudimentary eyes (b) DNA (i) Molecular Biology (c) Miller and Urey (ii) 1953 (d) Darwin (iii) Natural selection

Match the contents of columns I, II and III (double matching): Column I Column II Column III (a) Sex (i) Adaptive p. New species (b) Variations (ii) Male gamete q. Jointed appendages (c) Genetic drift (iii) Palaeozoic arthropod r. Conception (d) Trilobite (iv) New Variations s. Increase

a-ii-r, In human, sex of a child is determined by the male gamete that fuses to form a zygote during fertilization. b-i-s, Variations can provide better adaptability to the existing environment. They function as preadaptations to help the organisms survive in adverse conditions. c-iv-p, Genetic drift is the random change in gene frequency in a small isolated population that may result in the formation of new species. d-iii-q, Trilobites form one of the earliest-known groups of arthropods. The body segment of each trilobite have a pair of jointed appendages. Column I Column II Column III (a) Sex (ii) Male gamete r. Conception (b) Variations (i) Adaptive s. Increase (c) Genetic drift (iv) New Variations p. New species (d) Trilobite (iii) Palaeozoic arthropod q. Jointed appendages

What type of similarity, homologous (H) and analogous (A) occurs in the pairs of organs? Pair of organs Similarity (i)Forelimb of Horse, Wing of Bird (ii)Wings of Bat and Butterfly (iii)Forelimbs of Bird and Bat (iv)Wings of Bird and Bat

Homologous organs may be defined as the organs of different animals which have a similar basic structure but perform different functions. Examples of homologous organs: Forelimb of horse and wing of a bird. Forelimbs of bird and bat. Forelimbs of frog and human. Analogous organs have different evolutionary ancestries but have the same function. The wings of a bat, wings of a butterfly and bird are analogous organs. Though performing a similar function, the wings of these animals are fundamentally different in their origin and structure. Pair of organs Similarity (i) Forelimb of Horse, Wing of Bird Homologous organs (ii) Wings of Bat and Butterfly Analogous organs (iii) Forelimbs of Bird and Bat Homologous organs (iv) Wings of Bird and Bat Analogous organs

Match stimulus with appropriate Response Trait Dominant A Recessive B Acquired C (i) Free ear Lobe (ii) Skin Tanning (iii) Wrinkled Seeds in Pea

Dominant trait is the trait which can express itself in the next generation. It is expressed even in the presence of a recessive trait. Free ear lobe is a dominant trait. Acquired trait develops during the lifetime of the individual. It is neither inherited nor passed on to the next generation. Skin tanning is an acquired trait. The gene which expresses itself only in the presence of another identical gene is known as a recessive trait. Wrinkled seeds in pea plant is a recessive trait. Trait Dominant A Recessive B Acquired C (i) Free ear Lobe Dominant trait. (ii) Skin Tanning Acquired trait (iii) Wrinkled Seeds in Pea Recessive trait

Attached earlobes are a recessive trait in humans

EASY

10th CBSE

IMPORTANT

DINESH SUPER SIMPLIFIED SCIENCE BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Heredity and Evolution>SELECTION TYPE QUESTIONS>Q 8

Charles Darwin discovered the law of independent assortment.

EASY

10th CBSE

IMPORTANT

DINESH SUPER SIMPLIFIED SCIENCE BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Heredity and Evolution>SELECTION TYPE QUESTIONS>Q 9

Match the articles given in columns A and B (single matching):

Column A	Column B
(a) Planaria	(i) Molecular Biology
(b) DNA	(ii) 1953
(c) Miller and Urey	(iii) Natural selection
(d) Darwin	(iv) Rudimentary eyes

MEDIUM

10th CBSE

IMPORTANT

DINESH SUPER SIMPLIFIED SCIENCE BIOLOGY>Chapter 4 - Heredity and Evolution>SELECTION TYPE QUESTIONS>Q 10

Match the contents of columns I, II and III (double matching):

Column I	Column II	Column III
(a) Sex	(i) Adaptive	p. New species
(b) Variations	(ii) Male gamete	q. Jointed appendages
(c) Genetic drift	(iii) Palaeozoic arthropod	r. Conception
(d) Trilobite	(iv) New Variations	s. Increase