The stereoisomers related to each other as non-superimposable mirror images are called enantiomers. Enantiomers possess identical physical properties namely, melting point, boiling point, refractive index, etc. They only differ with respect to the rotation of plane polarised light. If one of the enantiomers is dextrorotatory, the other will be laevorotatory. Consider the following example:

Identify A and B from the following reaction and rewrite the complete reaction:

Grignard reagents are highly reactive and react with any source of proton to give hydrocarbons. Even water, alcohol, amines are sufficiently acidic to convert them to corresponding hydrocarbons. Benzyl chloride on Grignard reagent phenyl magnesium chloride and further on hydrolysis it gives benzene.

Write a short note on Sandmeyer’s reaction.

A chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts is known as Sandmeyer Reaction. It is an example of radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution.Copper salts like chloride, bromide or iodide ions are used as catalysts in this reaction. This reaction can be used to perform unique transformations on benzene. The transformations include hydroxylation, trifluoromethylation, cyanation, and halogenation.

How is ethanol prepared from the following compound? Bromoethane

Ethanol can be prepared from bromoethane by reacting with aqueous potassium hydroxide by the following reaction: C 2 H 5 Br + KOH aq → C 2 H 5 - OH + KBr In the above reaction, the exchange of bromide ion with hydroxide ion takes place. It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction.