Name: Close Packed Structures and Packing Efficiency
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 5 min 51 s
Description: Metals such as copper and silver crystallise in a face-centred cubic (FCC) structure. This type of close packing is often written as ABCABC and is highly eff...

Question

Classify the following solids in different categories based on the nature of intermolecular forces operating in them:

Potassium sulphate, tin, benzene, urea, ammonia, water, zinc sulphide, graphite, rubidium, argon, silicon carbide.

Accepted Answer

Potassium sulphate and zinc sulphide $\to$ Ionic solids
In ionic solids, ions are the constituent particles, and they are attracted by electrostatic forces. When potassium sulphate dissolved in water, it produces undefined ions and become free to move about in the water allowing the solution to conduct electrical current. Zinc sulphide consists ${Zn}^{+ 2} and S^{- 2}$ as ions.

Tin and rubidium $\to$ Metallic solids
Metallic solids are solids composed of metal atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. These bonds are like huge molecular orbitals that span across the whole solid. This means the electrons in metallic solids are delocalised.

Argon and Benzene $\to$ Molecular (non-polar) solids
Non-polar molecular solids: In these solids, the atoms or molecules are held by weak dispersion forces or London forces. These solids are soft and non-conductors of electricity.

Urea and Ammonia $\to$ Polar molecular solids
Polar molecular solids: These solids are formed by polar covalent bonds. The molecules in such solids are held together by relatively stronger dipole-dipole interactions. These solids are soft and non-conductors of electricity.

Water $\to$ Hydrogen bonded molecular solid
Hydrogen-bonded molecular solids contain polar covalent bonds between $H$ and $F, O$ or $N$ atoms. Strong hydrogen bonding binds molecules of such solids like $H_{2} O$ (ice). They are non-conductors of electricity and are volatile liquids or soft solids under room temperature and pressure.

Silicon carbide and Graphite $\to$ Covalent or network solid
A network solid or covalent network solid is a type of solid in which the atoms present are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network that extends throughout the material. In a network solid there are no individual molecules, and the entire crystal or amorphous solid may be considered a macromolecule.

Classify the following solids in different categories based on the nature of intermolecular forces operating in them:

Potassium sulphate, tin, benzene, urea, ammonia, water, zinc sulphide, graphite, rubidium, argon, silicon carbide.

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