Consider an experiment of a simple pendulum and one complete oscillation.

One complete oscillation is either from $A$to $C$ and then back to $A$, or from $B$ to $C$ then back to $B$, then to $A$ and back to $B$.

What could be the possible problems and their improvement$\left(\mathrm{s}\right)$ to remove the uncertainties in the measurement of the time period of one oscillation, when the length of the string and mass of the bob is fixed?

Look at Figure. Draw similar diagrams to represent:

The left-hand diagram represents readings that are precise but not accurate; the right-hand diagram represents readings that are accurate but without precision.

 A target where the holes are both precise and accurate

The size of a small toy balloon depends on atmospheric pressure. What are the independent variables?

Teacher Tom makes a cup of coffee and leaves it on his table.

Its temperature $\left(H^{°}C\right)$ is modelled by the function $H=\left(65\right)2^{-\frac{t}{2}}+25,$ where $t$ is the time in minutes after Tom makes the coffee.

State the initial temperature of the coffee.

The position of the holes in Figure represents attempts at measuring the position of the centre of the circle. Which one shows more random error and which shows more systematic error?

The left-hand diagram represents readings that are precise but not accurate; the right-hand diagram represents readings that are accurate but without precision.

Consider an experiment of a simple pendulum and one complete oscillation.

One complete oscillation is either from $A$to $C$ and then back to $A$, or from $B$ to $C$ then back to $B$, then to $A$ and back to $B$.

What could be the possible improvement$\left(\mathrm{s}\right)$ to remove the uncertainties in the measurement of the time period of one oscillation, when the length of the string and mass of the bob is fixed?

The terminal velocity of an air bubble that rises in water is affected by the size of the bubble. What is the dependent?

You are investigating how the current through a resistor depends on its resistance when connected in a circuit. You are given resistors of the following values:

$50\Omega ,100\Omega ,150\Omega ,200\Omega ,250\Omega ,300\Omega ,350\Omega ,400\Omega ,450\Omega ,500\Omega$

You are asked to take measurements with just six of these resistors. Which six resistors would you choose? Explain your choice.

Quantities $\mathrm{A} \& \mathrm{B}$ have the following values: $A=3.0\pm 0.2 \mathrm{cm},B=2.0\pm 0.1 \mathrm{cm}$. Find the value of the following expressions and their absolute uncertainties $\sqrt{A}$.

This apparatus can be used to test the hypothesis that $T$, the time taken for a ball to roll down a plane from rest, is related to the distance $s$ by the formula $T^2=ks$, where $k$ is a constant.

The ball is timed using a stopwatch over two different values of $s$. Suggest problems with the experiment and how they might be overcome. You should consider problems in measuring the distance as well as the time. Also note what happens to the ball; it may not roll in the way that you expect. 

The terminal velocity of an air bubble that rises in water is affected by the size of the bubble. Suggest a quantity to be controlled.

Look at Figure. Draw similar diagrams to represent:

The left-hand diagram represents readings that are precise but not accurate; the right-hand diagram represents readings that are accurate but without precision.

 A target where the holes are neither precise nor accurate.

The volume of air inside a bottle affects its resonant frequency. How would you find the frequency of the sound is related to the time period.

The volume of air inside a bottle affects its resonant frequency. Suggest one quantity to be controlled.

protractor, $30 \mathrm{cm}$ ruler, metre rule, micrometer screw gauge, calipers, newton-meter balance, measuring cylinder, thermometer, stopwatch, ammeter and voltmeter.

Can you suggest, for each instrument in the list, what is its range and its smallest scale division, and suggest a simple experimental problem in using it?