A nucleon is one of the subatomic particles of the nucleus of an atom. Each atomic nucleus can contain one or more nucleons and these nucleons are surrounded by one or more electrons. We call the mass of the nucleus a nuclear mass or nuclear mass refers to the mass of the nucleus, which comprises only protons and neutrons.

EASY

Earn 100

Define nuclear mass.

Important Questions on Nuclei

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

What is the binding energy of ${}_{14}^{29}S i$ whose atomic mass is $28.976495 u$

Mass of proton $= 1.007276 u$

Mass of neutron $= 1.008664 u$

(Neglect the electron mass) (Assume $1 u = 931.5 MeV$ )

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

You are given that Mass of

{}_{3}^{7}{Li} = 7.0160 u,

Mass of

{}_{2}^{4}{He} = 4.0026 u

and Mass of

{}_{1}^{1}{He} = 1.0079 u

. When

20 g

{}_{3}^{7}{Li}

is converted into

_{2}^{4} He

by proton capture, the energy liberated, (in

kWh

), is: [Mass of nucleon

= 1 GeV / c^{2}

]

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The energy required to break one bond in DNA is

10^{- 20} J

. This value in

eV

is nearly

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

A nucleus

X

emits a

β

-particle to produce a nucleus

Y

. If their atomic masses are

M_{x}

and

M_{y}

respectively, then the maximum energy of the

β

-particle emitted is (where,

m_{e}

is the mass of an electron and

c

is the velocity of light)

HARD

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

Consider the nuclear fission,

{Ne}^{20} \to 2 {He}^{4} + C^{12}

. Given that the binding energy/nucleon of

{Ne}^{20}, {He}^{4}

and

C^{12}

are

8.03 MeV, 7.86 MeV

, respectively. Identify the correct statement:

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

If the binding energy of

N^{14}

7.5 MeV

per nucleon and that of

N^{15}

7.7 MeV

per nucleon, then the energy required to remove a neutron from

N^{15}

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The energy equivalent of

0.5 g

of a substance is:

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The binding energy of a nucleus is equivalent to

HARD

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The electrostatic energy of

Z

protons uniformly distributed throughout a spherical nucleus of radius

R

is given by,

E = \frac{3}{5} \frac{Z (Z - 1) e^{2}}{4 π ε_{0} R}

. The measured masses of the neutron,

{}_{1}^{1}H, {}_{7}^{15}N and {}_{8}^{15}O

are

1.008665 u

1.007825 u, 15.000109 u and 15.003065 u

respectively. Given that the radii of both the

{}_{7}^{15}N and {}_{8}^{15}O

nuclei are same,

1 u = 931.5 MeV c^{- 2}

(

c

is the speed of light) and

\frac{e^{2}}{(4 π ϵ_{0})} = 1.44 MeV fm

. Assuming that the difference between the binding energies of

{}_{7}^{15}N a n d {}_{8}^{15}O

is purely due to the electrostatic energy, the radius of either of the nuclei is

(1 fm = 10^{- 15} m)

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

If the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is

13.6 eV

, the energy required to remove the electron from the first excited state of

{Li}^{+ +}

is :

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The mass-defect in a nuclear fusion reaction is

0.3

per cent. The amount of energy released in one

kg

of fusion reaction is

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

Imagine that a reactor converts all the given mass into energy and that it operates at a power level of

10^{9} Watt

. The mass of the fuel consumed

per hour

, in the reactor, will be:
(velocity of light,

c

3 \times 10^{8} m s^{- 1}

)

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

In a certain mass spectrometer, an ion beam passes through a velocity filter consisting of mutually perpendicular fields E and B. The beam then enters a region of another magnetic field

B^{'}

, perpendicular to the beam. The radius of curvature of the resulting ion beam is proportional to

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

In a process, certain amount of mass gets converted into energy. Let all the energy so converted be in the form of photons. If

700 \times 10^{12} Hz

is the mean frequency of the photons and if there are approximately

10^{30}

photons, what is the approximate mass that is converted into photons? (Assume

h = 6.6 \times 10^{- 34} J s, c = 3 \times 10^{8} m s^{- 1}

)

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The energy equivalent to a substance of mass $1 g$ is

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The energy equivalent of

1 g

of a substance is

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

Find the energy equivalent of one atomic mass unit in Joules and in

MeV .

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

Find the Binding energy per nucleon for

{}_{50}^{120}{Sn}

. Mass of proton

m_{p} = 1.00783 u

, mass of neutron

m_{n} = 1.00867 u

and mass of tin nucleus

m_{Sn} = 119.902199 u

. (take

1 u = 931 MeV

)

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

The binding energy per nucleon of

{}_{5} B^{10}

8.0 MeV

and that of

{}_{5} B^{11}

7.5 MeV .

The Energy required to remove a neutron from

{}_{5} B^{11}

is (mass of electron and proton are

9.11 \times 10^{- 31} kg

and

1.67 \times 10^{- 27} kg

)

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Nuclei>Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy

Two deuterons undergo nuclear fusion to form a Helium nucleus. The energy released in this process is (given binding energy per nucleon for deuteron

= 1.1 MeV

and for helium

= 7.0 MeV

)

Define nuclear mass.

Important Questions on Nuclei

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