Name: Cell Organelles: ER and the Golgi Body
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 49 s
Description: Complex bodies such as those of human beings have organs made up of cells comprising cytoplasm, ER, and Golgi, which perform essential roles. Let's learn mor...

Question

Describe the structure and functions of mitochondria. Write two differences in function of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Accepted Answer

The mitochondria are tiny cell organelles that are scattered in the cytoplasm. They have a double membrane; the outer membrane is porous, and the inner membrane has foldings called cristae. There are round particles present on them called as F1 particles. The inner cavity of the mitochondria is filled with a gel-like matrix. They have their own DNA and ribosomes.

Functions of mitochondria:
The mitochondria are the site for cellular respiration. The mitochondria break down the glucose molecules into carbon dioxide and water and release energy. A portion of the energy formed is utilised to form ATP molecules (energy-rich molecules). Hence, mitochondria are also called as “powerhouse of the cell”.

Difference between chloroplast and mitochondria:

Mitochondria Chloroplast

Mitochondria do not contain pigments. Chloroplast contains chlorophyll and carotenoids.

Mitochondria is the site of oxidative phosphorylation. Chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis.

Describe the structure and functions of mitochondria. Write two differences in function of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Important Questions on The Fundamental Unit of Life: Cell

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