Describe what is Rayleigh's criterion for resolution. Explain it for a telescope and a microscope.

A double-slit arrangement produces interference fringes for sodium light $(\mathrm{\lambda }=589 \mathrm{nm})$ that are $0.20°$ apart. What is the angular fringe separation if the entire arrangement is immersed in water ($\mathrm{n}=1.33$)? 

In a double-slit arrangement the slits are separated by a distance equal to $100$ times the wavelength of the light passing through the slits.

What is the distance between these maxima on a screen $50.0 \mathrm{cm}$ from the slits? 

Unpolarized light with intensity Io is incident on two polaroids. The axis of the first polaroid makes an angle of $50°$ with the vertical, and the axis of the second polaroid is horizontal. What is the intensity of the light after it has passed through the second polaroid?

In Fraunhoffer diffraction by a narrow slit, a screen is placed at a distance of $2 \mathrm{m}$ from the lens to obtain the diffraction pattern. If the slit width is $0.2 \mathrm{mm}$ and the first minimum is $5 \mathrm{mm}$ on either side of the central maximum, find the wavelength of light. 

Monochromatic electromagnetic radiation from a distant source passes through a slit. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen $2.50 \mathrm{m}$ from the slit. If the width of the central maximum is $6.00 \mathrm{mm}$, what is the slit width if the wavelength is $500 \mathrm{nm}$ (visible light);