Devise a three-stage synthetic route to convert benzene into benzenediazonium chloride.

A sample of lactic acid, ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}$, was extracted from a natural source and found to be optically active. The structure of one optical isomer of the lactic acid is:

Draw the other optical isomer.

A sample of lactic acid, ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}$, was extracted from a natural source and found to be optically active. Explain why lactic acid scan form optical isomers.

A sample of lactic acid, ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}$, was extracted from a natural source and found to be optically active. It was then subjected to two reactions, as shown below.

$\underset{\mathrm{sample} 1}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{A}}{\to } {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COCOOH} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{B} }{\to }\underset{\mathrm{sample} 2}{ {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}}$

Sample $1$ was optically active but sample $2$ was not optically active.

Give the reagents and conditions necessary for step A.

A sample of lactic acid, ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}$, was extracted from a natural source and found to be optically active. It was then subjected to two reactions, as shown below.

$\underset{\mathrm{sample} 1}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{A}}{\to } {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COCOOH} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{B} }{\to }\underset{\mathrm{sample} 2}{ {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}}$

Sample $1$ was optically active but sample $2$ was not optically active.

Give the balance equation for the reaction in step A.

A sample of lactic acid, ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}$, was extracted from a natural source and found to be optically active. It was then subjected to two reactions, as shown below.

$\underset{\mathrm{sample} 1}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{A}}{\to } {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COCOOH} \stackrel{\mathrm{step} \mathrm{B} }{\to }\underset{\mathrm{sample} 2}{ {\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)\mathrm{COOH}}$

Sample $1$ was optically active but sample $2$ was not optically active.

Give the reagents and conditions necessary for step B.