Divide.

$300÷15$

1. Multiplication Using Standard Method:

(i) Standard method of multiplying numbers is used to multiply large numbers.

(ii) The number to be multiplied is called the multiplicand.

(iii) The number with which we multiply is called the multiplier.

(iv) Answer obtained after multiplication is called the product.

(v) For example: To multiply $123 \text{by }4$, first multiply $4\text{ by} 3$ then $4 \text{by} 2$ and then $4 \text{by} 1$.

$\begin{array}{cccc}& \mathrm{H}& \mathrm{T}& \mathrm{O}\\ \text{Carry}& & 1& \\ & 1& 2& 3\\ & \times & & 4\\ & 4& 9& 2\end{array}$

2. Standard Division: 

(i) The symbol for the division is $\text{'}÷\text{'}.$

(ii) The number to be divided is called the dividend.

(iii) A divisor is a number that divides another number.

(iv) A number which is the result when one number is divided by another.

(v) $\begin{array}{cccccc}& & & 8& \to & \text{Quotient}\\ \text{Divisor}\to 2& & 1& 6& \to & \text{Dividend}\\ & -& 1& 6& & \\ & & & 0& \to & \text{Remainder}\end{array}$

(vi) $\text{Dividend}=\text{Divisor}\times \text{Quotient}+\text{Remainder}$