Name: Vegetative Propagation
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 36 s
Description: Seeds are not the only way for plants to grow! If so, we would not have met many plant species in our lives. Let’s look at some other ways plants can reproduce.

Question

Do all the gametes formed from a parent organism have the same genetic composition (identical DNA copies of the parental genome)? Analyse the situation with the background of gametogenesis and provide or give a suitable explanation.

Accepted Answer

Gametes are always haploid whether the structures or cells producing them are haploid or diploid.

i) A haploid parent like Monera, fungi, algae, and bryophytes produce gametes by mitotic division. i.e., the genetic composition remains the same after mitotic division. In such cases, meiosis occurs in the zygote producing haploid organisms. These organisms possess a haplontic life cycle.

ii)The diploid parent like pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms and most of the animals including human being produces gametes by meiosis. In such organisms (diploid), specialised cells called meiocytes (gamete mother cells) undergo meiosis. At the end of meiosis, only one set of chromosomes gets incorporated into each gamete. It means the gametes contain a haploid number of chromosomes. Meiosis produces variations due to crossing over. This results in several new combinations of DNA sequences. The gametes formed from a diploid organism by meiosis do not have identical DNA copies of the parental genome.

Thus, the gametes formed from a haploid organism by the mitotic division have the same genetic composition while the formed from diploid organisms do not have the same genetic composition.

Do all the gametes formed from a parent organism have the same genetic composition (identical DNA copies of the parental genome)? Analyse the situation with the background of gametogenesis and provide or give a suitable explanation.

Important Questions on Reproduction in Organisms

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