Modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal that typically contains information to be transmitted.

Select acceptor type impurity among the following: arsenic As , Antimony Sb , gallium Ga and phosphorous P .

Pentavalent impurity atoms have 5 valence electrons. The various examples of pentavalent impurity atoms includes Phosphorus (P), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb). These are N-type semiconductor when doped with pentavalent impurity elements. whereas, Gallium is Trivalent impurity or acceptor type impurity.Hence, when it is added to germanium(Ge) it will form P-type semiconductor.

Modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal that typically contains information to be transmitted.

Write value of output Y in diagram.

Y = 1 Value of output Y in diagram is 1 That's the correct answer

Draw circuit diagram for a NPN - transistor to obtain characteristic curves in common base configuration. Establish a relation between current amplification factors for a transistor in common base and common emitter configuration.

In N-P-N transistors the base terminal is common between the input and the output terminals of the transistor. Here the emitter works as the input terminal, collector as the output terminal. Input Characteristics: The input characteristics of the transistor is obtained from the input current I E and input voltage V B E Here in this figure the output voltage V C B is kept constant and in this configuration the input voltage V B E is varied gradually and simultaneously the input current I E is noted down and we get this type of characteristics curve. ' Output Characteristics: In the output characteristics the input current I E is kept constant and then the output voltage V C B is increased gradually. Thus for that variation the output current I C is recorded and this curve is obtained. Output characteristic curve The current amplification factor of a transistor in common base configuration is the ratio of output current I C to the input current I E It is denoted by α α = I C I E In common emitter configuration the input current is the base current I B and output current is collector current I C So the current amplification factor in common emitter configuration is β = I C I B we know that, I E = I C + I B dividing α by I B we get, α = I C I B I E I B α = β I B + I C I B α = β 1 + β Here is our required relationship

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR PHYSICS>Chapter 14 - Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Rajasthan Board-2019>Q 10

EASY

12th Rajasthan Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

Draw symbol of Zener diode.

Important Questions on Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

EASY

12th Rajasthan Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR PHYSICS>Chapter 14 - Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Rajasthan Board-2019>Q 11

Describe the experimental set up for obtaining output characteristic curve of a $PNP$ transistor in common emitter configuration with suitable circuit diagram. Also draw the curve obtained.

Select possible value of common base current amplification factor $α$ of a transistor among the following.

$0.9, 9, 19, 49 and 99$