Complete the following reaction. C 6 H 5 - CH 2 - Cl → NH 3 ? → 2 CH 3 Cl ?

Ammonolysis of benzyl chloride gives benzylamine. Benzylamine on further reaction with two moles of methyl chloride forms N , N - Dimethylphenylmethanamine. C 6 H 5 - CH 2 - Cl → NH 3 C 6 H 5 - CH 2 - NH 2 → 2 CH 3 Cl C 6 H 5 - CH 2 - N I CH 3 - CH 3

Explain S N 2 mechanism in haloalkanes.

The S N 2 reaction is the nucleophilic substitution bimolecular reaction. In this mechanism, the nucleophile, Nu - attacks the partially positive carbon attached to the halogen atom from a direction opposite to the C-X bond, leading to the formation of a highly unstable transition state. In the transition state, the carbon atom is simultaneously bonded to the incoming nucleophile and the leaving group. As the reaction proceeds, the carbon-nucleophile bond starts forming and carbon-leaving group bond starts weakening. This results in the inversion of configuration. Example: Conversion of ethyl bromide to ethanol.

Explain S N 1 reaction mechanism of haloalkanes.

The S N 1 reaction is the nucleophilic substitution unimolecular reaction. The reaction involves in two steps. Step 1: Heterolytic fission of C - X (Here halogen X is Br ) bond leading to the formation of carbocation and a halide ion X - . It is the slow step and rate determining step. It is reversible process. Step 2: The nucleophilic attack (like OH - ) to the carbocation to form a substituted product. It is a fast step.

Draw the structure of DDT.

Dichloro-diphenyl triclhloroethane is abbreviated as DDT. The IUPAC name of DDT is 2 , 2 - bis p - chlorophenyl - 1 , 1 , 1 - trichloroethane . It is used as an insecticide. It is potentially dangerous towards humans and animals. Therefore, banned in many countries.

Explain S N 2 reaction mechanism of haloalkanes.

The S N 2 reaction is the nucleophilic substitution bimolecular reaction. In this mechanism, the nucleophile, Nu - attacks the partially positive carbon attached to the halogen atom from a direction opposite to the C-X bond, leading to the formation of a highly unstable transition state. In the transition state, the carbon atom is simultaneously bonded to the incoming nucleophile and the leaving group. As the reaction proceeds, the carbon- nucleophile bond starts forming and carbon-leaving group bond starts weakening. This results in the inversion of configuration. Example: Conversion of ethyl bromide to ethanol.

What is Wurtz reaction?

Two molecules of alkyl halides (same or different) react with metallic sodium in the presence of ether to form alkanes. This reaction is called Wurtz reaction, and it is used to prepare symmetrical alkanes. CH 3 - Br + 2 Na + Br - CH 3 → Dry ether CH 3 - CH 3 + 2 NaBr

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12th Nagaland Board

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Draw the structure of $4 -$ bromopent $- 2 -$ ene.

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