Question

Explain briefly what is cell organelles? List five cell organelles and their specific functions. What are lysosomes and their function?

Accepted Answer

Organelles are special and organized structures seen in living cells. Cell organelles are enclosed in a cell membrane which defines the structure of the cell. Some cell organelles are vacuoles, nucleus, chloroplasts, lysosomes etc. The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell.

Five cell organelles and their specific function are as follows;

Nucleus: The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell. It controls the cell's growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information.

Vacuoles: They are storage sacs for solid or liquid content. In animals cell, they are small and temporary. They store water, glycogen and proteins, single membrane maintain water balance.

Chloroplast: Chloroplast is an organelle that contains the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll that captures sunlight and converts it into useful energy, thereby, releasing oxygen from water.

Golgi bodies: The Golgi apparatus, also called Golgi complex or Golgi body, is a membrane-bound organelle that is made up of a series of flattened stacked pouches called cisternae. Its main function is the packaging and secretion of proteins.

Mitochondria: Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions.

Lysosomes are electron microscopic, vesicular structures of the cytoplasm, bounded by a single membrane. They are involved in intracellular digestive activities, contains hydrolytic enzymes. These enzymes are capable of distributing or breaking down all organic material.

Column I	Column II	Column III
(A) Multicellular organisms	(i) Lipids	I. Turgidity
(B) Mitochondrion	(ii) Plants	II. Inner folded membrane
(C) Plasma membrane	(iii) Cell sap	III. Proteins
(D) Central vacuole	(iv) Outer permeable membrane	IV. Animals
(e) Chloroplast	(v) Digestive enzymes	V. Phagosome
(i) Lysosomes	(vi) Carbon dioxide	VI. Thylakoid

Explain briefly what is cell organelles? List five cell organelles and their specific functions. What are lysosomes and their function?

Important Questions on Cell and Cell Organelles

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