Question

Explain the Bosch process. Draw a suitable diagram for the process.

Accepted Answer

Commercial production of hydrogen gas is done by a method known as Bosch process.

It includes several steps:

$\underset{Coal}{C} + H_{2} O \overset{1000 ° C}{\to} \underset{}{\underset{Water gas}{CO + H_{2}}} + H_{2} O \to_{450 ° C}^{{Fe}_{2} O_{3}} {CO}_{2} + H_{2} \overset{{CO}_{2} removed by dissolving in water}{\to} H_{2}$

Production of water gas from coal and water: On passing steam over hot coke at high temperature results mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas known as water gas.

$C + H_{2} O \overset{1000^{o} c}{\to} CO + H_{2}$

Separation of CO gas from water gas: Water gas is mixed with excess amount of steam at $450^{o} C$ passed over ferric oxide, act as catalyst, in presence of a promoter chromic oxide gives carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.

$CO + H_{2} + H_{2} O \to_{{Fe}_{2} O_{3}}^{450^{o} c} {CO}_{2} + 2 H_{2}$

Separation of carbon dioxide: Dissolved carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas in water under pressure and add caustic potash in it. Carbon dioxide reacts with caustic potash and gets dissolved in the solution leaving behind hydrogen gas.

$2 KOH + {CO}_{2} \to K_{2} {CO}_{3} + H_{2} O$

Separation of uncombined carbon monoxide from the mixture by dissolving into ammoniacal cuprous chloride solution.

$CuCl + CO + 2 H_{2} O \to CuCl . CO . 2 H_{2} O$

Explain the Bosch process. Draw a suitable diagram for the process.

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