Question

Explain the limits of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Accepted Answer

The Limits of the Civil Disobedience Movement can be described as follows:

Limited Partcipation of the Dalits: All social groups were not motivated by the concept of Swaraj. For instance, the Congress had ignored the Dalits to favour the Satnamis. Mahatma Gandhi pointed that Swaraj or independence cannot be attained without the upliftment of the depressed classes. However, the Dalit leaders demanded reservations in educational institutes and demanding separate electorates. Hence, their participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement was limited.

Clash with B.R. Ambedkar: Mahatma Gandhi and Ambedkar clashed at the Second Round Table Conference. As Ambedkar demanded a separate electorate for the Dalits. The demand was conceded by the British and Gandhi decided to fast unto death. However, Gandhi's demand was accepted by Ambedkar during the Poona Pact where Dalits were given reservation. However, the Dalits were not promised Separate Electorates.

Muslims Felt Alienated: After the failure of the Non-Cooperation and the Khilafat Movement the Muslims felt alienated by the Congress. The Congress came to be visibly associated with the Hindu Mahasabha. The Hindu-Muslim clashes between different cities and organised various riots in different cities.

The Problems between Congress and the Muslim League: The Congress and the Muslim league tried to unite but forged to renegotiate. Jinnah refused to give up the demand of Separate Electorates. Hopes of Reconciliation between the two forged as the Hindu Mahasabha opposed the hopes of a compromise.

Distrust Between Communities: When the Civil Disobedience began distrust and suspicion erupted between different communities. The minorities felt that they were being subjugated under the domination of a Hindu majority.

Explain the limits of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

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