Name: Kidney as the Body Filter
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 4 s
Description: The kidney is the waste manager of our body. Let us look inside the kidney and understand how this wondrous filtration system works. Watch the video now.

Question

Explain the mechanism of breathing with the help of a diagram.

Accepted Answer

There are two steps of breathing namely, breathing in or inspiration and breathing out or expiration.

Breathing in or inspiration: When the diaphragm and the muscles attached to the ribs contract, the diaphragm becomes flat and ribs are lifted, means move upwards and outwards. Therefore, the chest cavity expands. Due to this the volume of the chest cavity increases and air pressure decreases. Therefore, external air (being at higher pressure) rushes into the lungs via nostrils, trachea, and bronchi.

During inhalation, the air sacs or alveoli in the lungs get filled with air containing higher concentration of oxygen. At the respiratory surface exchange of gases takes place and this oxygen-rich air diffuses into the blood. The blood also brings carbon dioxide from the rest of the body to release into the alveoli.

Breathing out or expiration: During breathing out or expiration the diaphragm and the muscles attached to ribs relax. The diaphragm again becomes dome-shaped. The rib cage moves inward and downward. Due to this, the volume of the chest cavity decreases, and air pressure increases. Therefore, the air rich in carbon dioxide rushes out from the lungs via the trachea and nostrils.

During the breathing cycle, when air is taken in and given out, the lungs always contain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for carbon dioxide to be released. In other words, residual volume is the volume Of air that can never be expelled out by respiration. It means the lungs are never empty and are always filled with a residual volume of air.

Explain the mechanism of breathing with the help of a diagram.

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