Name: Refining of Petroleum
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 1 min 55 s
Description: Petrol is an essential product, which doesn't derive directly from nature, and it requires a certain type of process called the fractional distillation proce...

Question

Explain the process of fractional distillation?

Accepted Answer

Fractional distillation is a separation technique used to separate a mixture of two or more liquids with different boiling points. It involves heating the mixture to vaporize the liquid with the lowest boiling point, and then cooling and condensing the vapor to collect the liquid.

The mixture is placed in a round-bottomed flask or distillation column and heated.

As the mixture is heated, the liquid with the lowest boiling point starts to vapourize and rise up the column. This vapor is collected in a condenser, which is cooled by a cold water supply, causing the vapour to condense back into a liquid.

The liquid that is condensed is collected in a separate container, and the temperature of the distillate is recorded. The temperature at which each component of the mixture boils off is unique, and this can be used to identify the components.

The process is repeated, with the temperature of the heat source being gradually increased until the next component of the mixture starts to boil off. This vapour is also collected and condensed, and the process is repeated until all the components have been separated.

Explain the process of fractional distillation?

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