Name: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 47 s
Description: Shockingly a single disease can have more than 30 different causes! Many germs, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi can cause pneumonia. Explore one such pat...

Question

Explain various disorders of the respiratory system.

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system helps in the exchange of gases in the body that fulfills the demand for oxygen in our body. The following are various disorders of the respiratory system.

1. Asthma- It is a hypersensitive disorder that develops due to the presence of allergens in the inhaled air. The allergens stimulate the immune system causing the inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles due to which the respiratory passage narrows.

It causes difficulty in breathing, coughing, and sneezing.

It can be avoided by preventing exposure to allergens.

2. Pneumonia- It is caused by the inflammation of the lungs. The infection caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae results in the inflammation of alveoli and the accumulation of WBCs in alveolar spaces.

3. Emphysema- It is caused mainly due to cigarette smoking. It causes the distension of bronchioles due to the damage to the alveolar walls. Due to the collapse of alveolar septa, the respiratory exchange is not possible, and it results in the inflation of the lungs that causes difficulty in exhalation.

4. Tuberculosis- It is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The symptoms include a cough for more than two weeks and bloody sputum. It is usually accompanied by chills and fever. It can be presented by the Bacillus Calmette Guerin(BCG) vaccine.

5. Occupational Respiratory Disorder- It is caused in the workers in the industries like stone crushing industry, coal industry, etc. Example: Anthracosis, silicosis, black lung disease, beryllium lung disease. It occurs due to prolonged exposure to these toxic substances. These cause the deposition of fibrous connective tissue in the lungs causing inflammation due to fibrosis.

Explain various disorders of the respiratory system.

Important Questions on Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Learn and Prepare for any exam you want !