Balance the following equations: a) CaCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 SO 4 ( aq ) → CaSO 4 ( s ) ↓ + NaCl ( aq ) . b) MgCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 CO 3 ( aq ) → MgCO 3 ( s ) ↓ + NaCl ( aq ) . c) ZnCl 2 + Na 2 CO 3 → ZnCO 3 ↓ + NaCl . d) PbNO 3 + NaCl → PbCl 2 ↓ + NaNO 3 .

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is given below: When Calcium chloride is taken with Sodium sulphate, it reacts to form insoluble salt Calcium sulphate along with sodium chloride. CaCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 SO 4 ( aq ) → CaSO 4 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) . It is double displacement reaction. When magnesium chloride is taken with Sodium carbonate, it reacts to form insoluble salt magnesium carbonate along with sodium chloride. MgCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 CO 3 ( aq ) → MgCO 3 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) .It is a double displacement reaction. When zinc chloride is taken with Sodium carbonate, it reacts to form insoluble salt Zinc carbonate along with sodium chloride. ZnCl 2 + Na 2 CO 3 → ZnCO 3 ↓ + 2 NaCl . It is a type of double displacement reaction. When Lead nitrate is taken with Sodium chloride, it reacts to form insoluble salt Lead chloride along with sodium nitrate. Pb NO 3 2 + 2 NaCl → PbCl 2 ↓ + 2 NaNO 3 . It is a type of double displacement reaction.It is also known as Plumbous chloride.

Identify the spectator ions from the given reactions. a) CaCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 SO 4 ( aq ) → CaSO 4 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) . b) MgCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 CO 3 ( aq ) → MgCO 3 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) . c) ZnCl 2 + Na 2 CO 3 → ZnCO 3 ↓ + 2 NaCl . d) Pb NO 3 2 + NaCl → PbCl 2 ↓ + NaNO 3 .

A spectator ion is an ion that does not take part in the chemical reaction and is found in solution both before and after the reaction. From the below reaction, CaCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 SO 4 ( aq ) → CaSO 4 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) . Here Na + and Cl - are spectator ions. Ca + 2 + 2 Cl - + 2 Na + + SO 4 - 2 → CaSO 4 ( s ) ↓ + 2 Na + + 2 Cl - From the below reaction, MgCl 2 ( aq ) + Na 2 CO 3 ( aq ) → MgCO 3 ( s ) ↓ + 2 NaCl ( aq ) . Here Na + and Cl - are spectator ions. Mg + 2 + 2 Cl - + 2 Na + + CO 3 - 2 → MgCO 3 ( s ) ↓ + 2 Na + + 2 Cl - From the below equation, ZnCl 2 + Na 2 CO 3 → ZnCO 3 ↓ + 2 NaCl Here Na + and Cl - are spectator ions. Zn + 2 + 2 Cl - + 2 Na + + CO 3 - 2 → ZnCO 3 ↓ + 2 Na + + 2 Cl - From the below reaction equation, Pb NO 3 2 + 2 NaCl → PbCl 2 ↓ + 2 NaNO 3 . Here Na + and NO 3 - are spectator ions. Pb + 2 + 2 NO 3 - + 2 Na + + 2 Cl - → PbCl 2 ↓ + 2 Na + + 2 NO 3 -

E M B I B E

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 1

EASY

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

Explain what precipitation means?in your words.

Important Questions on Acids and Bases

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 2

Name four salts you could not make by precipitation.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 3

Choose two starting compounds you could use to make this insoluble salt Calcium sulphate.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 3

Choose two starting compounds you could use to make this insoluble salt Magnesium carbonate.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 3

Choose two starting compounds you could use to make this insoluble salt Zinc carbonate.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 3

Choose two starting compounds you could use to make this insoluble salt Lead chloride.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 4

Balance the following equations:

a) ${CaCl}_{2} (aq) + {Na}_{2} {SO}_{4} (aq) \to {CaSO}_{4} (s) ↓ + NaCl (aq)$ .

b) ${MgCl}_{2} (aq) + {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} (aq) \to {MgCO}_{3} (s) ↓ + NaCl (aq)$ .

c) ${ZnCl}_{2} + {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} \to {ZnCO}_{3} ↓ + NaCl$ .

d) ${PbNO}_{3} + NaCl \to {PbCl}_{2} ↓ + {NaNO}_{3}$ .

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 5

What is a spectator ion ?

HARD

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Complete Chemistry for Cambridge IGCSE® Second Edition>Chapter 11 - Acids and Bases>Q>Q 5

Identify the spectator ions from the given reactions.

a) ${CaCl}_{2} (aq) + {Na}_{2} {SO}_{4} (aq) \to {CaSO}_{4} (s) ↓ + 2 NaCl (aq)$ .
b) ${MgCl}_{2} (aq) + {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} (aq) \to {MgCO}_{3} (s) ↓ + 2 NaCl (aq)$ .
c) ${ZnCl}_{2} + {Na}_{2} {CO}_{3} \to {ZnCO}_{3} ↓ + 2 NaCl$ .
d) $Pb {({NO}_{3})}_{2} + NaCl \to {PbCl}_{2} ↓ + {NaNO}_{3}$ .

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