Name: Reactions of Metal Carbonates with Acids
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 6 s
Description: When substances like metals and liquids like acid react, it produces salt, water, and carbon dioxide. Here, in this video, it has been explained in detail wi...

Question

Give an activity to show that acid reacts with metal hydrogen carbonates or metal carbonates to liberate carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

Procedure:
Take two test tubes and label them as $A$ and $B$ . Take a few grams of sodium carbonate in the test tube $A$ and a few grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate in the test tube $B$ . Now, add dilute hydrochloric acid to both the test tubes. Note your observation. Pass the gas liberated in test tube $A$ and $B$ through lime water or calcium hydroxide solution and record your observation.

Observation:
(a) sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form salt, (sodium chloride), water along with the liberation of carbon dioxide gas.
$\underset{S o d i u m c a r b o n a t e}{N a_{2} C O_{3} (s)} + \underset{H y d r o c h l o r i c a c i d}{2 H C l (a q)} ⟶ \underset{S o d i u m c h l o r i d e}{2 N a C l (a q)} + \underset{w a t e r}{H_{2} O (l)} + \underset{C a r b o n d i o x i d e}{C O_{2} (g)}$

$\underset{S o d i u m h y d r o g e n c a r b o n a t e}{N a H C O_{3} (s)} + \underset{H y d r o c h l o r i c a c i d}{H C l (a q)} ⟶ \underset{S o d i u m c h l o r i d e}{N a C l (a q)} + \underset{w a t e r}{H_{2} O (l)} + \underset{C a r b o n d i o x i d e}{C O_{2} (g)}$

(b) when the carbon dioxide liberated is passed through lime water, it turns milky, forming a white precipitate.
Passing the gas over lime water:
$\underset{\begin{matrix} Calcium hydroixde \\ (limewater) \end{matrix}}{C a {(O H)}_{2} (a q)} + \underset{C a r b o n d i o x i d e}{C O_{2} (g)} ⟶ \underset{\begin{matrix} Calcium carbonate \\ (Whiteppt) \end{matrix}}{C a C O_{3} (s)} + \underset{w a t e r}{H_{2} O (l)}$

Conclusion:
(a) All metal carbonate and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids to produce corresponding salt, carbon dioxide and water.
(b) When the gas released is passed through clear lime water, it turns the lime water milky. This shows that gas is carbons dioxide. On passing excess carbon dioxide, the calcium carbonate forms calcium hydrogen carbonates which is soluble in water.
$\underset{Calcium carbonate}{C a C O_{3} (s)} + \underset{w a t e r}{H_{2} O (l)} + \underset{C a r b o n d i o x i d e}{C O_{2} (g)} ⟶ \underset{C a l c i u m h y d r o g e n c a r b o n a t e}{C a {(H C O_{3})}_{2} (a q)}$

Give an activity to show that acid reacts with metal hydrogen carbonates or metal carbonates to liberate carbon dioxide.

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