Describe post transcriptional processing of RNA in eukaryotes.

During post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes, primary transcript RNA is converted into a mature mRNA. It occurs before the translation process inside the nucleus. The processing of RNA in eukaryotes involves three steps, namely capping, poly-adenylation, and splicing. Capping: There is the addition of 7-methylguanosine to the 5' end of RNA. Ribosome recognizes mRNA with the 5' cap during the translation process. Poly-adenylation: It involves the addition of poly-A tail (multiple A residue) to the 3' end of RNA. About 259 adenine residues are added to the 3' end of the RNA. Splicing: A process in which introns (non-coding regions) are removed from the pre-RNA and exons (coding regions) are joined together to form a mature RNA. The modified RNA strand, that is, mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and to be encoded for the polypeptide formation.