Evaporation is used for separating soluble solid substances from its solution. The liquid is converted into the vapour state. The process of evaporation can be made quicker by heating the solution.

Filtration is the process of separating insoluble solids from a liquid, by using a filter. The liquid which has passed through the filter is called the filtrate. The filter may be paper, cloth, cotton-wool, sand, or other porous material.

Sublimation is the process of converting a solid directly into vapour without converting it to a liquid. There are some objects, like camphor, naphthalene, etc., that can directly change into gas.

The process of separating an impurity from a liquid that is either dissolved or undissolved is called distillation. This method involves evaporation and condensation. In this method, the liquid is heated to the boiling point first, then the liquid evaporates and the impurities are left behind. The vapour is then cooled and condensed, forming a distillate. The distillate is a purified form of the original liquid.