Name: Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds - I
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 7 min 4 s
Description: All the chemical compounds are assigned a name, which is done according to a specific rule. How are coordination compounds named? Let’s watch the video to fi...

Question

Giving a suitable example, explain crystal field splitting.

Accepted Answer

Three d-orbitals having orientations in regions in between the coordinate axes $(d_{xy}, d_{yz}, d_{zx})$ are called $t_{2 g}$ orbitals and the two orbitals $(d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}, d_{z^{2}})$ oriented along the axes are called $e_{g}$ orbitals. In the case of a free central ion, all the given $d$ -orbitals have the same energy i.e., they are degenerate. However, on the approach of ligands, the orbital electrons will be repelled by the lone pairs of the ligands and the energy of the orbitals will increase. If all the ligands approaching the central ion are at an equal distance from each of the $d$ -orbitals, the energy of each orbital will increase by the same amount due to equal electrostatic force of repulsion. Hence, the $d$ -orbitals will still be degenerate, although they will have higher energy than before. However, this is not so in actual practice.

The energy of orbitals lying in the directions of the ligands is raised to a larger extent than that of the orbitals lying in between the ligands because the electrons in the $d$ -orbitals having lobes in the direction of ligands will experience more repulsion from ligand electrons than in the case of $d$ -orbitals having lobes in between the ligands The conversion of 5 degenerate $d$ -orbitals of the metal ion into two sets of orbitals having different energies is called crystal field splitting.

Giving a suitable example, explain crystal field splitting.

Important Questions on Coordination Compounds

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