Question

How do maglev train is made to float above the rails? Explain its working principle in detail.

Accepted Answer

The huge magnets on the train's undercarriage reject the magnetised coil running along the track, allowing the train to hover above the guideway. Maglev trains float on an air cushion, reducing friction. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

The gravitational pull and other forces operating on the body are reversed or counteracted by magnetic fields. When the magnetic fields interact with the metallic loops of aluminium in both ends of the concrete walls, a magnetic field strong enough to propel the train ahead is created. Because the train is pushed and moves, an electric current is generated, which causes the formation of successive magnetic fields. Hence, it happens to float above the rails.

It can be broken down into three main concepts:

The Mag-lev principle states that superconducting magnets run through these metallic loops or coils at high speeds, causing the coils to generate an electric current. The forces acting on the superconductor magnet cause it to rise in a robust and counteracting magnitude, thus levitating the train. The loop generates a current that is present beneath the rails as the running maglev system is moved laterally. As a result, a repulsive force is created along the train's side, while an attractive force is created further away from the train, causing it to maintain a centre position. The train is propelled forward by a repulsive and attractive force. The propulsion coils, which are situated on both sides of the walls, are likewise charged by the three-phase alternating current.

How do maglev train is made to float above the rails? Explain its working principle in detail.

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