Name: Reactions of Metal Carbonates with Acids
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 6 s
Description: When substances like metals and liquids like acid react, it produces salt, water, and carbon dioxide. Here, in this video, it has been explained in detail wi...

Question

How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids? Give their chemical equations. Name the gas that evolved during the reaction. What will happen when this gas is passed through lime water?

Accepted Answer

When an acid reacts with metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonate, then salt, carbon dioxide gas and water are formed.

When acid react with calcium carbonate (found in chalk, limestone and marble), the production of metal salt, water and carbon dioxide is observed.

${CaCO}_{3} + 2 HCl \to {CaCl}_{2} + {CO}_{2} + H_{2} O$

When dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate, then sodium chloride, carbon dioxide gas and water are formed.

$HCl + {NaHCO}_{3} \to NaCl + H_{2} O + {CO}_{2}$

The gas that evolved during the reaction is carbon dioxide.

On passing the gas formed from the above reaction (carbon dioxide) through the lime water, we get the following chemical reaction:

$Ca {(OH)}_{2} + {CO}_{2} \to {CaCO}_{3} + H_{2} O$

Thus, the lime water turns milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate.
The excess of carbon dioxide formed reacts with calcium carbonate as given below, forming calcium bicarbonate or calcium hydrogen carbonate, soluble in water.

${CaCO}_{3} + H_{2} O + {CO}_{2} \to Ca {({HCO}_{3})}_{2}$

How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids? Give their chemical equations. Name the gas that evolved during the reaction. What will happen when this gas is passed through lime water?

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