Identify the gas known as syngas. Why is it called so?
Important Points to Remember in Chapter -1 - Chemistry in Everyday Life from Tamil Nadu Board Standard Eight Science Solutions
1. Hydrocarbons
Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon in which four hydrogen atoms are linked with one carbon atom.
2. Natural gas
(i) Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane.
(ii) CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) is the cheapest and cleanest fuel.
(iii) Vehicles using CNG gas produce less carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emission. It is less expensive than petrol and diesel.
3. Fuel Gases
(i) Coal gas is a mixture of gases like hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide.
(ii) Producer gas is a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen.
(iii) Water is a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It is also called as syngas or synthesis gas.
(iv) Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide. It is produced by decomposition of plant and animal waste.
4. Petroleum
The term ‘petroleum’ is derived from the Latin words ‘petra’ meaning rock and ‘oleum’ meaning oil.
5. Types of Coal
Coal is classified into different types: Lignite, Sub-bituminous, Bituminous and Anthracite.
6. Fuel
(i) Any substance that can produce heat and energy on burning is called fuel.
(ii) Specific energy is defined as the energy per unit mass. It is used to measure the stored energy in certain substances. Its unit is Jkg-1
(iii) Cetane number measures the ignition delay of the fuel in diesel engine.
7. Solar energy
Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun in the form of solar radiation.
