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The step-down transformer is used for reducing the voltage in a.c The voltage in the secondary is given by : voltage in primary voltage in secondary = no . of turns in primary no . of turms in the secons . It is clear from the above that the number of turns in the primary is more in a step-down transformer.

Explain how transformer work. In your answer, consider, The physics that allows them to function. The purpose of the step-up transformer Why we use step down transformer.

A transformer is an electrical device that trades voltage for current in a circuit, while not affecting the total electrical power. This means it takes high-voltage electricity with a small current and changes it into low-voltage electricity with a large current, or vice versa. A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It has a magnetic core over which two sets of windings, termed as primary and secondary, are suitably placed. When one of the windings is connected to an AC supply, an emf is induced on the other winding which is proportional to the number of turns. When the number of turns is more in the secondary coil, then the voltage is increased and this is called as a step-up transformer. This is used when a high voltage is required. When the number of turns in the secondary is less than that in the primary, Then the voltage is decreased and this is called a step-down transformer. It is used when low voltage is required e.g in power supplies and ratifiers.

E M B I B E

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.3>Q 3

HARD

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

In the circuit diagram, a transformer is being used to change the mains voltage to a lower value so that it will light a $12 V$ amp.

The primary coil has $1000$ turns, Calculate how many turns the secondary coil has.

Important Questions on Electromagnetic Induction

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.4>Q 1

State the name of the effect that transformers need to work.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.4>Q 2

Which coil has more turns in step down transformer?

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.4>Q 3

Explain why the secondary current is greater than the primary current in a step-down transformer?

HARD

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.4>Q 4

Explain how transformer work. In your answer, consider,

The physics that allows them to function.
The purpose of the step-up transformer
Why we use step down transformer.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary-IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Physics for Cambridge IGCSE workbook>Chapter 21 - Electromagnetic Induction>Exercise 21.4>Q 5

Imagine a conducting material is created that has zero resistance at normal working temperatures. State how this would affect the use of the devices you have studied in this chapter, If this material is used to make power lines carrying current around the country. Explain your answer.