Dilip and Mohsin measured their blood pressure. Dilip’s B.P. is 120/80 mmHg and Mohsin’s B.P. is 160/100 mmHg. Who is suffering from hypertension? What are its causes?

Dilip and Mohsin measured their blood pressure. Dilip’s B.P. is 120/80 mmHg and Mohsin’s B.P. is 160/100 mmHg. Mohsin is suffering from hypertension because his BP values are 160/100 mmHg and the normal range of blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. The causes of hypertension can be as follows: Atherosclerosis can cause narrowing of the lumen of arteries and hence there is a rise in the blood pressure. Obesity is one of the major triggers for hypertension. Diet rich in fatty food and high cholesterol causes hypertension. Stress in any form, either physical or emotional can cause hypertension. Addictions such as alcoholism and smoking can cause a rise in the blood pressure. Hormonal disturbances such as increased secretion of renin, epinephrine and aldosterone can cause a rise in the blood pressure.

Sketch and label the conducting system of human heart.

The human heart is divided into four chambers. The two upper chambers are called the left atrium and right atrium. The two lower chambers are called the left ventricle and right ventricle. The conducting system of human heart is as follows: The left auricle receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs. The left ventricle pumps the blood out of the heart to the different parts of the body. The right auricle receives blood from the different parts of the body. The right ventricle pumps out deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Give the location of the following valve within the human heart. Tricuspid valve

The tricuspid valve is present between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart. It allows the deoxygenated blood to enter the right ventricle and prevent its backflow during the ventricular contraction.

Give the location of the following valve within the human heart. Bicuspid valve

The bicuspid valve also called the mitral valve is present between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. It allows the oxygenated blood to enter the ventricles and prevent its backflow during the ventricular contraction.

Give the location of the following valve within the human heart. Thebesian valve

The valve of Thebesius is a semicircular membranous fold present in the right atrium at the opening of the coronary sinus. The coronary circulation enables the blood circulation to the heart wall specifically to the myocardium of the heart.

Give the location of the following valve within the human heart. Eustachian valve.

The Eustachian valve (EV) is located at the opening of the inferior vena cava (IVC) into the right atrial cavity. This valve helps to direct the blood from the IVC toward the foramen ovale, thereby bypassing the pulmonary circulation in the human foetus.

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 15 - Circulation>Maharashtra Board-2020>Q 7

MEDIUM

12th Maharashtra Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

In the electrocardiogram, QRS complex stands for:

Important Questions on Circulation

MEDIUM

12th Maharashtra Board

IMPORTANT

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR BIOLOGY>Chapter 15 - Circulation>Maharashtra Board-2020>Q 8

Classify the following composition of blood plasma given below as per column ‘A’ and complete column ‘B’. Select from the given options:
(i) Serum albumin (ii) Bicarbonates (iii) Urea (iv) Sulphates of sodium (v) Fibrinogen (vi) Uric acid