In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of:

With respect to Biogeochemical cycles, choose the correct statements.

I. It is of two types.

II. Transformation of atmospheric nitrogen can be carried out through both biological and physical processes.

III. In the carbon cycle, carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.

With respect to the phosphorus cycle, choose the correct statements.

I. Atmosphere does not play a significant role.

II. Soil micro-organisms act as sinks and sources.

III. Phosphorus cycle is one of the slowest biogeochemical cycles.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Pick the correct sequence of sulphur cycle.

I. Oxidation of inorganic sulphur compounds to sulphate.
II. Reduction of sulphate to sulphide.
III. Incorporation of sulphide into organic compound.
IV. Mineralisation of organic sulphur into inorganic forms.

Consider the following statements:

I. Atmospheric nitrogen has limited availability for biological use, leading to a scarcity of usable nitrogen in many types of ecosystems.

II. In plants, much of the nitrogen is used in chlorophyll molecules, which are essential for photosynthesis and further growth.

Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?

In the following question, there are two statements, one is labelled Assertion (A) and another one as Reason (R). Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Assertion (A): All the solar energy entering into the living system through the producers goes back into the non-living world.

Reason (R): At each stage of energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost from the food chain.