In which method of transport in the plasma membrane does not require carrier molecule?

Assertion ($\mathrm{A}$): The flow of solvent molecules from a pure solvent to the solution through semipermeable membrane is osmosis.

Reason $\left(\mathrm{R}\right):$ Pure solvent molecules flow out of the solution through semipermeable membrane if a pressure larger than the osmotic pressure is applied to the solution side.

The correct answer is:

The containers $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$ have $1$ litre of pure water and $1$ litre of $0.1 \mathrm{M}$ sugar solution, respectively. Which one of the following statements would be correct regarding their water potential $\left(\mathrm{\Psi }\right)$ and osmotic potential $\left(\mathrm{\Psi }s\right)?$

*Note: There were errors in original KVPY papers, and thus the options are modified here.

Find correct statements from the following
$\mathrm{A})$ Protein transporters are responsible for maximum rates of transport under saturated state
$\mathrm{B})$ Translocation of substances in bulk flow requires hydrostatic pressure gradient
$\mathrm{C})$ Root pressure plays the greatest contribution for upward movement of water in tall plants
$\mathrm{D})$ Transport proteins of endodermal cells are control points for active transport of ions in two directions

The correct answer is