Radon undergoes decay by α -emission Rn 88 222 → t 1 / 2 = 3 . 8 d Po 84 218 + 2 4 He Which of the following statements will be true for this decay process?

60 % of the radon will decay in 5 days approximately.

Show that the mass defect of the nuclear reaction Be 4 10 → 5 10 B + e - 1 0 is given as Δm = atomic mass of B 5 10 - 4 10 Be , whereas for the reaction B 5 8 → 4 8 Be + e - 1 0 it is given as Δm = atomic mass of Be 4 8 - 5 8 B + mass of 2 electrons.

In the nuclear reaction, Be 4 10 → Be 5 10 + e - 1 0 the change mainly involves n 0 1 → P 1 1 + e - 1 0 . Hence, the reaction will be Be 4 10 ( 4 p , 6 n , 4 e - ) → B 5 10 ( 5 p , 5 n , 4 e - ) + e - 1 0 mass defect = m product - m reactants ∆ m = [ mass of ( 5 p , 4 n , 4 e - ) + e - ] - [ mass of 4 p , 6 n , 4 e - ] = Atomic mass of B 5 10 - Be 4 10 . Now, in nuclear reaction B 5 8 → Be 4 8 + e + 1 0 , the basic conversion is p 1 1 → n 0 1 + e + 1 0 . Hence, the reaction is B 5 8 ( 5 p , 3 n , 5 e - ) → Be 4 8 ( 4 p , 4 n , 5 e - ) + e + 1 0 mass defect = m product - m reactants = mass of 4 p + 4 n + 5 e - + mass of positron - mass of 5 p + 3 n + 5 e - = mass of 4 p + 4 n + 4 e + mass of e - + positron - mass of 5 p + 5 n + 5 e - = atomic mass of Be 4 8 - B 5 8 + mass of 2 electrons .

If an atom of U 235 , after absorption of a slow neutron undergoes fission to form an atom of Xe 139 and an atom of Sr 94 , what other particles are produced and how many?

The reaction is U 92 235 + n 0 1 → Xe 54 139 + Sr 38 94 + Y . Let Y be the other particles produced which have mass number A . To identify the nature of particles and the number of particles, the sum of atomic number and sum of mass numbers can be compared. The difference between the sum of atomic numbers between reactants and products = ( 92 + 0 ) - ( 54 + 38 ) = 0 . Hence, the particle can be a gamma particle or a neutron. The difference between mass numbers between reactants and products = 235 + 1 - 139 + 94 = 3 . Mass number changes by 3 units. A gamma particle does not have mass value. Hence, the particle should be a neutron. The mass number changes by one unit when a neutron is emitted. So, for a change in mass number 3 , there will be an emission of 3 neutrons.

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It is observed that only $0.39 %$ of the original radioactive sample remains undecayed after eight hours. Hence,

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Important Questions on Nuclear Chemistry

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.3>Q 18

Radon undergoes decay by $α$ -emission

${}_{88}^{222}{Rn} \overset{t_{1 / 2} = 3.8 d}{\to} {}_{84}^{218}{Po} +_{2}^{4} He$

Which of the following statements will be true for this decay process?

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 1

Show that the mass defect of the nuclear reaction

{}_{4}^{10}{Be} \to_{5}^{10} B + {}_{- 1}^{0}e

is given as

Δm =

atomic mass of

({}_{5}^{10}B -_{4}^{10} Be)

, whereas for the reaction

{}_{5}^{8}B \to_{4}^{8} Be + {}_{- 1}^{0}e

it is given as

Δm =

atomic mass of

({}_{4}^{8}{Be} -_{5}^{8} B) +

mass of

2

electrons.

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 2

Show that the mass of

1.00 u

is equivalent to

932 MeV

of energy.

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 3

Antimatter consists of particles that have properties and characteristics similar to particles in known atoms but opposite charges. For example, an electron and a positron are two particles identical in every respect except for the sign of their charges. Speculate on the existence of a world composed of negative antiprotons and positrons (along with an array of other antiparticles) and neutrons. Would the chemistry in such a world have formulas similar to those of compounds on earth? What would happen if material from earth encountered material from the "antiworld"?

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 4

If an atom of

{}^{235}U

, after absorption of a slow neutron undergoes fission to form an atom of

{}^{139}{Xe}

and an atom of

{}^{94}{Sr}

, what other particles are produced and how many?

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 5

Which of the following is a spallation reaction?

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 6

In nuclear reactors, cadmium is used to

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Chapterwise/Topicwise Daily Practice Problems (DPP) Physical Chemistry Part - 2 JEE Main & Advanced>Chapter 6 - Nuclear Chemistry>DPP 6.4>Q 7

Which one in the following represents the artificial radioactivity?

It is observed that only 0.39% of the original radioactive sample remains undecayed after eight hours. Hence,

Important Questions on Nuclear Chemistry

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It is observed that only $0.39 %$ of the original radioactive sample remains undecayed after eight hours. Hence,