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Molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals. Two atomic orbitals combine to form two molecular orbitals called bonding molecular orbital (BMO) and antibonding molecular orbital (ABMO). The energy of antibonding orbital is raised above the parent atomic orbitals that have combined and the energy of the bonding orbital is lowered than the parent atomic orbitals. Energies of various molecular orbitals for elements hydrogen to nitrogen increase in the order : 
σ1s<σ*1s<σ2s<σ*2s<π2px=π2py<σ2pz<π*2px=π*2py<σ*2pz

and for oxygen and fluorine order of energy of molecular orbitals is given below :
σ1s<σ*1s<σ2s<σ*2s<σ2pz<π2px=π2py<π*2px=π*2py<σ*2pz

Different atomic orbitals of one atom combine with those atomic orbitals of the second atom which have comparable energies and proper orientation. Further, if the overlapping is head-on, the molecular orbital is called Sigmaσ and if the overlap is lateral, the molecular orbital is called piπ. The molecular orbitals are filled with electrons according to the same rules as followed for filling of atomic orbitals. However, the order for filling is not the same for all molecules or their ions. Bond order is one of the most important parameters to compare the strength of bonds.

In which of the following molecules, σ2pz molecular orbital is filled after π2px, and π2py molecular orbitals? 

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Important Questions on Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

EASY
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
Isostructural species are those which have the same shape and hybridisation. Among the given species identify the isostructural pairs.
MEDIUM
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
Polarity in a molecule and the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of the constituent atoms and shape of a molecule. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?
HARD
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
The types of hybrid orbitals of nitrogen in NO2+, NO3- and NH4+ respectively are expected to be
MEDIUM
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
Hydrogen bonds are formed in many compounds e.g., H2O, HF, NH3. The boiling point of such compounds depends to a large extent on the strength of hydrogen bond and the number of hydrogen bonds. The correct decreasing order of the boiling points of above compounds is:
EASY
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
In PO43- ion the formal charge on the oxygen atom of P-O bond is
MEDIUM
11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
In NO3- ion, the number of bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons on nitrogen atom are
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11th CBSE
IMPORTANT
Which of the following species has tetrahedral geometry?
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11th CBSE
IMPORTANT

Number of π bonds and σ bonds in the following structure is–

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