1. Fibre :

(i) The thin strands of thread which are used to make yarns are called fibres.

(ii) The fibres that we get from plants and animals are called natural fibres. For example, Jute, silk.

(iii) The fibres which are not obtained from plants or animal sources and are made from chemical substances are called man-made or synthetic fibres. For example, Nylon, polyester and rayon.

(iv) Wool and silk fibres are obtained from animals.

(v) Yarn is commonly known as thread which is formed by twisting the fibres. This brings the fibres together to form a yam.

2. Spinning cotton yarn :

The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning.

3. Yarn to fabric :

(i) The process in which a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric is called knitting.

(ii) The industry in which fibres are used to make clothes is called the textile industry.

4. Some plant fibre :

(i) Cotton yarn is extremely useful in making garments, bedsheets, towels and other textile items.

(ii) Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of the jute plant by a process called retting. In this process, the stem of the jute plant is soaked in water to separate jute fibres from the stem.

(iii) Jute fibres are used for making gunny bags, cheap rugs, carpets, curtains, ropes, etc.

(iv) Fabric means a woven material, a textile or other material resembling woven cloth.

(v) Fabrics are made by the two main processes known as weaving and knitting.

(vi) Cotton plants are usually grown at places having black soil and warm climates.

(vii) Cotton is grown in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh.

(viii) The fruit of the cotton plant is known as cotton boll.

(ix) Fibres are separated from the seeds by combing the cotton balls. This process is called the ginning of cotton.

(x) Charkha is a device used for spinning cotton.

(xi) The compressed cotton bundles are called bales.

(xii) Raw cotton is cleaned, combed and straightened and finally converted into a rope-like structure called sliver.

(xiii) The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving.

5. Uses of cloths :

(i) Clothing is necessary for protection against wind and weather, maintenance of body temperature and to enhance our personality.

(ii) Woollen and cotton clothes are rough to touch, but clothes made up of synthetic fibres such as rayon, nylon or polyesters are smooth to touch.

	Column — I (Name)		Column — II (Relations)
A	Bombyx mori	P	Disease of mulberry
B	Morus alba	q	Centre where silkworm egg are produced and supplied
C	Grainage	r	Silk moth
D	Powdery mildew	s	Mulberry plant
		t	Freshly hatched silkworm

Name the raw materials to make silk sarees

Important Questions on Fibre to Fabric

Column — II

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