Principle Use of criminal force intentionally knowing that it would cause or is likely to cause injury or annoyance to the person against whom force is used, is an offence.
Facts 'X', a renowned social worker who had launched a movement for liberation of women, pulls up a Muslim women's veil in public in good faith without her consent causing annoyance to her.
Important Questions on Legal Aptitude
Principle Whoever by words publishes any imputation concerning any person is said to defame that person.
Facts During a marriage ceremony, 'A' circulated a pamphlet saying sister of the bride 'S' is a thief, she has stolen the shoes of the bridegroom.
Principle Nothing is an offence which is done in the exercise of the right of private defence. Nothing is an offence which is done in madness.
Facts 'A', under the influence of madness, attempts to kill 'B'. 'B' to save his life kills 'A'.
Principle: Whoever takes away any moveable thing from the land of any person without that person's consent is said to commit theft.
Facts: During his visit to the home of 'C' 'A' asks 'B', who is the son of 'C', to accompany 'A' to a forest. Neither 'A' nor 'B' inform 'C' in this regard. 'B' accompanies 'A' to the forest.
Principle Doing of an act which causes common injury, danger or annoyance to public or which is likely to cause such injury or annoyance is public nuisance. A common nuisance is not excused because it causes some nuisance or advantage.
Facts 'A', a farmer having large farmlands burns crop residue (stubble) on his fields after harvesting the crop to make the field ready for next crop as this is the easy, fast and convenient method of making the field ready for next crop. His farmlands are adjoining a densely inhabited residential area and people pass through the smoke while travelling on the road adjoining his farmlands. The smoke caused by fire also enters the houses in the colony.
Principle Inducing any animal to move or to change its motion and thereby intentionally causing fear of injury or annoyance to others by such act, is an offence of use of Criminal force.
Facts 'X' incites his:dog to chase and run after his neighbour 'Y', to teach 'Y' to stay away from him The act is done without neighbour's, consent and against his will
Principle Everyone has the right of private defence to defend his body and property by use of reasonable force unless that person had time to have recourse to protection of public authorities.
Facts 'X' receives information at 5:00 pm that 'Y' along with few friends is planning to burn his crop at midnight which is ready to be harvested. He does not inform the village Police Station which was just one kilometer away. He gathers his family members and directs them to collect some weapons in the form of swords and lathis to protect his field/crop. At around 'Y' and his aides attack the crop and a severe fight ensues wherein Y is seriously injured.
Principle 'A' man is guilty of not only for what he actually does but also for the consequences of his doing.
Facts 'A' wanted to kill the animal of ' B '. He saw 'B' standing with his animal and fired a gun shot at the animal. The gun shot killed 'B'.
Principle Nothing is an offence if it is done under intoxication and the person committing the offence was incapable to understand the nature of the act. Intoxication should be without knowledge or against the will of the person.
Facts 'A', 'B' and 'C' were having a party in Bar where 'A' persuaded 'B' and 'C' to take alcoholic drinks. On the persistent persuasion 'B' and 'C' also consumed alcohol along with 'A'. 'B' and 'C' had never consumed alcohol before. After intoxication, there was some argument between 'B' and 'C' where 'C' pushed 'B' with full force causing serious injury to 'B'.
Principle Death caused by rash or negligent act of a person is an offence.
Facts 'X' was driving his SUV car in a lonely road leading to a forest at km per hour. Suddenly, someone appears from the forest on the road and in the resultant accident, the car hits the commuter causing his death.
Principle Whoever causes death by rash or negligent act commits an offence.
Facts 'X' is having a house on the roadside which is also having a street on the back of the house. He has a lawn on the back of his house where he has built a toilet. To prevent the intruders from entering his house, he got the fence charged with a high voltage live electric wire. 'Z' was passing through the street at the backyard of the house of'X' and sat down to take rest near · the fence. While getting up, his hands came in contact with the fence which was connected to high voltage electric wire causing his death.
Principle : Nothing is an offence by reason of any harm it may cause to another person, if it is done in good faith and for the benefit of that person even without that person's consent.
Facts : N is attacked by a lion and the lion drags him while he is crying for help. 'B', a passer by picks up N's gun in good faith and fires at lion which injures 'N'. 'B' has never used the gun before.
Principle: Everyone shall be permitted to take advantage of his own wrong.
Facts: A legatee was heavily drunk and driving his car at the speed of , in a fully crowded market. All of a sudden his testator came on the road and there were other people are also on the road at same time. The car driven by legatee hit the testator and four other persons. All the five persons hit by the car died.
Principle Anyone who induces or attempts to induce a voter to vote in a particular manner on the ground that the voter will face divine displeasure, shall be guilty of offence of interfering with free exercise of right to vote.
Facts During election campaign period one candidate 'X' told the voters that if they do not vote for her, voters will be cursed because the election candidate is the God's own child and those who do not vote for her, will not be liked by God.
Principle Causing of an effect partly by an act and partly by an omission is an offence.
Facts 'A' did not provide any food to his daughter 'D'. He also confined 'D' in a room. Consequently, 'D' died.
Principle Whoever attempts to commit the offence of cheating, commits an offence.
Facts 'A' with an intention to defraud 'B', obtains from him an amount of .
Principle Killing is not murder, if it is committed in a sudden fight without pre-meditation in a heat of passion upon a sudden quarrel.
Facts 'X' and 'Y' were buying liquor from a liquor shop at 7:00 pm. 'Y' abused 'X' and there was quarrel between them. 'X' told 'Y' that he will not spare him and 'Y' shouted that his house is adjoining the shop only and if 'X' had the guts, he can come anytime. 'X' went back to his shop which was nearby, procured a knife and went to Y's residence at 9:00 pm and stabbed him to death.
Principle: Nothing is an offence if it is done in good faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding greater harm or damage to a person or property.
Facts: 'A' jumps into a swimming pool to save a boy from drowning. While pulling the boy from the water, 'A' was hit by 'C ', A' left the boy in the water and attacked 'C'. The boy died in the water.
In the question given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). In the context of the two statements, which of the following is correct?
Codes
Assertion (A) : X and Y independently entertained the idea to kill Z. Accordingly; each of them separately inflicted wounds on Z who died as a consequence. X and Y are liable for murder under Section- of the IPC.
Reason (R) : When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of common intention of all, each of such persons is liable as if the whole act was done by him alone.
