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Second ionization energies of chromium and copper are larger than those of their neighbouring elements (V, Mn, Ni, Zn). It is due to the fact that
(a)Second electron in each case is removed from 4s orbital
(b)Second electron is removed from stable half-filled 3d sub-orbit in case of chromium and from stable completely filled 3d sub-orbit in case of copper.
(c)Electrode potential of these elements (Cr and Cu) are higher than those of their neighbouring elements.
(d)Their atomic radii are different due to screening effect.

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Important Questions on The d- and f-Block Elements
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(At.nos.

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Assertion: For hydrogenation reactions, the catalytic activity increases from Group to Group metals with maximum activity shown by Group elements.
Reason: The reactants are most strongly adsorbed on group elements.

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(Atomic Number of )

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Catalyst | Process | ||
A. | i. | Wacker process | |
B. | ii. | Ziegler – Natta polymerisation | |
C. | iii. | Contact process` | |
D. | iv. | Deacon’s process |

