Name: Methods of Preparation of Phenol
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 3 min 52 s
Description: Phenol is an organic compound, seen even in our households. Let's watch the video and learn the different methods of preparation of phenols.

Question

Show the exact structure of the product (or products) of each EAS reaction below. State whether each reaction is expected to be faster or slower than the corresponding reaction of benzene:

Accepted Answer

Benzene and benzene derivatives undergo electrophilic substitution reaction characteristically. Electrophile attack at the position where electron density is maximum. In case of mono substituted benzene if group attached to benzene is $+ I / + M$ then it increases electron density at ortho and para position and therefore electrophile is directed at ortho and para position. respectively. Now if incoming electrophile forms $H - Bond$ then ortho product is major otherwise para product is major.

Here group attached to benzene is oxygen atom which contains lone pair hence it is $+ M$ and therefore it increases electron density at ortho para position. Here electrophile is generated by the reaction of ${Br}_{2} and {FeBr}_{3}$ as:

${FeBr}_{3} + {Br}_{2} \to {Br}^{+} + {FeBr}_{4}^{-}$

${FeBr}_{3}$ being Lewis acid has strong affinity for halogen atom snatches ${Br}^{-}$ from ${Br}_{2}$ and electrophile ${Br}^{+}$ is generated. This electrophile attacks at para position and following product is formed,

Show the exact structure of the product (or products) of each EAS reaction below. State whether each reaction is expected to be faster or slower than the corresponding reaction of benzene:

Important Questions on Aromatic Compounds and Alkyl and Aryl Halides

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