A transducer is a device that does transduction i.e. conversion of one form of energy into another. As we know, there are many energy types like chemical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic, acoustic, etc. They can be interconverted as per requirement. Any form of energy can be made as an input. Some of the common examples of transducers that we see around us are loudspeaker, image sensor etc. Mainly there are two types of transducer which are mechanical transducer and electronic transducer. Electronic transducers are more often used in a communication system. Mechanical transducer- They convert a physical form of energy to mechanical forms whereas electronic transducer converts mechanical forms to electrical quantity, mainly into signals. Based on the direction of information the transducer can be a sensor or actuator. A sensor responds to physical stimuli and passes information in the form of a signal accordingly. An actuator is controlled by signal and it converts energy to motion. The robot control system is an example. In the electronic communication system, the transducer is of great importance. They convert various other forms into electric signals. Some of the most commonly used transducers are microphones, speakers, radio transmitters etc...

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Si and Cu are cooled to a temperature of $300 K$ , then conductivity,

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Important Questions on Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

What is transducer?

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

What will be the effect of increasing the temperature on the conductivity of pure semiconductor?

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

What are logic gates? Write symbols and truth table for OR, AND, NOT and NAND gates.

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

When will the conductivity of a Ge semiconductor decrease?

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

As the temperature increases, the electrical resistance

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Physics>Modern Physics>Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits>Energy Band Theory and Electrical Properties of Matter

The band gaps of an insulator, semiconductor and conductor are respectively $E_{g_{1},} E_{g_{2}} and E_{g_{3}}$ .The relationship between them can be given as: