The Solvay process can be represented by the following scheme: identify A , B , C , D and E .

The Solvay process or ammonia-soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate. The raw materials of the process are – sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, ammonia. In the first step in the process, carbon dioxide passes through a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride and ammonia. The hot ammonium chloride solution then reacted with the quicklime. The principal byproduct of the Solvay process is calcium chloride in aqueous solution. i CaO + H 2 O → Ca ( OH ) 2 A ii NH 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 → NH 4 HCO 3 B iii 2 NaHCO 3 → Na 2 CO 3 C + CO 2 + H 2 O iv NH 4 HCO 3 + NaCl → NaHCO 3 + NH 4 Cl D v 2 NH 4 Cl + Ca ( OH ) 2 → 2 NH 3 + 2 H 2 O + CaCl 2 E Thus, A = Ca ( OH ) 2 B = NH 4 HCO 3 C = Na 2 CO 3 D = NH 4 Cl E = CaCl 2

Phosphine is generally prepared in the laboratory by

heating white phosphorus with an aqueous solution of caustic soda.

heating phosphorus in a current of hydrogen.

decomposition of P 2 H 4 at 110 ° C .

heating red phosphorus with an aqueous solution of caustic soda.

What is inert pair effect?

The inert pair effect is the reluctance of s electrons of the outermost shell to participate in bonding. This is due to the poor screening effect of the d and f orbitals. This effect is observed among the p -block elements, due to which the lower oxidation state (two units less than the group oxidation state) becomes more stable for heavier elements in each group. For example in Pb , + 2 oxidation state is more predominant than the + 4 oxidation state.

Among the following, the correct statement(s) is(are)

The Lewis acidity of B C l 3 is greater than that of A l C l 3 .

A l C l 3 has the three-centre two-electron bonds in its dimeric structure.

E M B I B E

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-2>Q 209

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IMPORTANT

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Sodium borate on reaction with conc. $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ and $C_{2} H_{5} OH$ gives a compound $(A)$ which burns with a green edged flame. The compound $(A)$ is :

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Important Questions on The p-Block Elements

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Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-2>Q 210

Which of the following is not a pair of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base?

HARD

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IMPORTANT

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-3>Q 2

The stability of dihalides of

Si, Ge, Sn and Pb

increases steadily in the sequence

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Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-3>Q 4

The Solvay process can be represented by the following scheme:

Question Image

identify $A, B, C, D$ and $E$ .

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Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-3>Q 5

{KO}_{2}

(potassium superoxide) is used in oxygen cylinders in space and submarines because it:

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Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 19 - The p-Block Elements>Exercise-3>Q 6

Compound X on reduction with LiAIH₄ gives a hydride Y containing 21.72% hydrogen alongwith other products. The compound Y reacts with air explosively resulting in boron trioxide. Identify X and Y. Give balanced reactions involved in the formation of Y and its reaction with air.